In this review article, we discuss advances in the chemistry of metal carbonyl clusters (MCCs) spanning last three decades, with an emphasis on more recent reports and those involving groups 8–10 elements.

A dysregulation of the redox homoeostasis has been reported in various neoplastic disorders. Malondialdehyde/4-hydroxy-2,3-nonenal (MDA/HNE) and protein carbonyl groups represent in vivo indexes of lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, respectively, suitable to investigate radical-mediated physio-pathological conditions. We evaluated MDA/HNE and protein carbonyl groups in sera of untreated ...

The alkynyl bond of the title compound, C(14)H(19)NO, has a length of 1.170 (5) Å. The amide function shows a trans conformation with respect to the carbonyl group characterized by the torsion angle O-C-N-H of -176 (2)°. There is an inter-molecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bond between the amide function and the carbonyl group. In addition, weak inter-molecular hydrogen bonds stabilize the crystal struct...

An n→π* interaction stems from the delocalization of the electron pair (n) of a donor group into the antibonding orbital (π*) of a carbonyl group. Crystallographic analyses of five pairs of diastereoisomers demonstrate that an n→π* interaction can induce chirality in an otherwise planar, prochiral carbonyl group. Thus, a subtle delocalization of electrons can have stereochemical consequences.

Oxidative stress, an imbalance toward the pro-oxidant side of the pro-oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis, occurs in several human diseases. Among these diseases are those in which high levels of protein carbonyl (CO) groups have been observed, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes, sepsis, chronic renal failure, and respiratory distress syndrome. What relationships mig...

The folding of proteins is directed by a variety of interactions, including hydrogen bonding, electrostatics, van der Waals’ interactions, and the hydrophobic effect. We have argued previously that an n!p* interaction between carbonyl groups be added to this list. In an n!p* interaction, the lone pair (n) of one carbonyl oxygen overlaps with the p* antibonding orbital of another carbonyl group....

The folding of proteins is directed by a variety of interactions, including hydrogen bonding, electrostatics, van der Waals' interactions, and the hydrophobic effect. We have argued previously that an n→π* interaction between carbonyl groups be added to this list. In an n→π* interaction, the lone pair (n) of one carbonyl oxygen overlaps with the π* antibonding orbital of another carbonyl group....

Carnosine has been shown to react with low-molecular-weight aldehydes and ketones and has been proposed as a naturally occurring anti-glycating agent. It is suggested here that carnosine can also react with ("carnosinylate") proteins bearing carbonyl groups, and evidence supporting this idea is presented. Accumulation of protein carbonyl groups is associated with cellular ageing resulting from ...

Amide carbonyl groups in proteins can engage in C═O···C═O and C-X···C═O interactions, where X is a halogen. The putative involvement of four poles suggests that these interactions are primarily dipolar. Our survey of crystal structures with a C-X···C═O contact that is short (i.e., within the sum of the X and C van der Waals radii) revealed no preferred C-X···C═O dihedral angle. Moreover, we fou...