—Predator-prey interactions occur regularly in nature; however, predation events are difficult to observe in the canopy of tropical rain forests. We describe a successful capture of a Chestnut-mandibled Toucan (Ramphastos swainsonii) by a Collared ForestFalcon (Micrastur semitorquatus) in Carara National Park, Costa Rica. The predator-prey interaction lasted for ,30 min from the moment of the f...

This paper concerns vegetation parameter retrieval from polarimetric interferometric SAR (PolInSAR) data. A two–component polarimetric interferometric model, designed for geophysical parameter retrieval, is presented for volumetric media over ground. It is based on a scattering model based polarimetric decomposition and the random volume over ground (RVoG) PolInSAR inversion technique. For fore...

Abst r ac t —Understanding the interactions between kelp beds and nearshore fish is essential because anthropogenic changes and natural variability in these beds may affect available habitat for fishes. In this study fish communities were investigated in south-central Alaska kelp beds characterized by a range of substrate complexity and varying densities of both perennial understory kelps and a...

Scientific research has become increasingly interdisciplinary, and clear communication is fundamental when bringing together specialists from different areas of knowledge. This work aims at discussing the role of fully immersive virtual reality experience to facilitate interdisciplinary communication by utilising the Duke Immersive Virtual Environment (DiVE), a CAVElike system, to explore the c...

The effect of structural constriction on molecular mobility is investigated by broadband dielectric spectroscopy (BDS) within three types of molecular arrangements: monomers, oligomers and self-assembled monolayers (SAMs). While disordered monomers exhibit a variety of cooperative and local relaxation processes, the constrained nanodomains of oligomers and highly ordered structure of monolayers...

In the past, obtaining reliable measurements of key forest canopy metrics has been difficult, even after the development of remote sensing technology. Fortunately, next-generation lidar systems are proving to be useful tools for deriving critical canopy measurements, such as height, structure and biomass. These studies have all focused on empirical comparisons between basic lidar-derived and fi...

Tropical Cyclone ‘Rona’ crossed the coast of the Daintree lowlands of northeastern Australia in 1999. This study reports on its impact on forest canopy openness at six lowland rain forest sites with contrasting management histories (old-growth, selectively logged and regrowth). Percentage canopy openness was calculated from individual hemispherical photographs taken from marked points below the...

....................................................................................................................................................... iii Acronyms and Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................... iv 1.0 Introduction ..............................................................................

Effects of mowing and grazing on a Leymus chinensis grassland in the Songnen plain of northeastern China were studied using eight replicates of four grazing and mowing treatments. Canopy cover and biomass of the dominant species (L. chinensis) were lower, and cover of the halophyte Suaeda corniculata higher, on grazed than ungrazed; ungrazed plots showed a response to mowing, but not grazing; s...

We examined UV-B radiation flux and its environmental control within and among streams of northern Michigan. UV-B flux was estimated in streams by plastic dosimetry strips, which allow for the simultaneous and repeated in situ measurement of solar radiation. During the summer of 2004, UV-B flux was measured across depth gradients and along longitudinal transects in seven streams, which were cho...