In organisms encountering predictable environments, fixed development is expected, whereas in organisms that cannot predict their future environment, phenotypic plasticity would be optimal to increase local adaptation. To test this prediction we experimentally compared phenotypic plasticity in two rocky-shore snail species; Littorina saxatilis releasing miniature snails on the shore, and Littor...

In horticulture and floriculture, plants are predominantly propagated vegetatively from stem cuttings. Consequently, the success of propagation depends on a plant’s capacity to form adventitious roots (AR) at basal part cutting, AR formation interaction between flavonoids plant hormones in part. ornamental plants, flavonoid accumulation is important for flower color can interact with hormone ac...

Completed chloroplast genome of Campanula takesimana Nakai isolated from Dokdo island in Korea is 169,719?bp long (GC ratio 38.8%) and has four subregions: 102,381?bp large single-copy (37.8%...