Flavor deterioration of salad dressings was investigated to determine the effect of hydrogenation of the oil. additives and storage conditions. Flavor quality tests were developed and correlated with gas chromatographic analyses of volatile compounds in oils separated from the dressings. Hydrogenation of soybean oil with copper and nickel catalysts effectively increased the storage stability of...

Butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) is extensively used as antioxidant in foods, food packaging, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. In the past years, it raised concerns regarding its possible endocrine disrupting effect. The existing in vitro studies indicate that BHA presents a weak estrogenic effect and also anti-androgenic properties while an in vivo study found it to have antiestrogenic properties....

Over the last decade, considerable experimental evidence has supported the view that grape wine and South China rice wine are rich in diverse nutrients and have powerful antioxidant activity. However, little research has been carried out for North China rice wine, of which Ji Mo Lao Jiu (JMLJ) is the outstanding representative. In this study, the functional components and antioxidant activity o...

Predator mobbing is a widespread phenomenon in many taxa but the evolution of cooperative mobbing as an adaptive behavior is still subject to debate. Here, we report evidence for cooperative predator defense in a nocturnal solitarily foraging primate, the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus). Several mouse lemurs mobbed a snake that held a non-related male conspecific until he could escape. Ev...

The Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS) delivers a scientific opinion re-evaluating the safety of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) (E 320). BHA is a synthetic antioxidant authorised as a food additive in the EU that was previously evaluated by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA) several times, the latest in 1989 and the EU Scientific Committee...

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) promote tumorigenesis because of their proangiogenic and immune-suppressive functions. Here, we report that butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) blocks occurrence of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) in tobacco smoke carcinogen-induced lung tumorigenesis. Continuous administration of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), a ROS inhibitor, before or after NNK treatment s...

Barrett's metaplasia consists of columnar epithelium that replaces the normal esophageal mucosa in patients with chronic gastroesophageal reflux. Because intestinal-type Barrett's metaplasia is the major risk factor for adenocarcinoma development, understanding the mechanisms that predispose the esophageal mucosa to malignant degeneration is clinically important. Glutathione s-transferase (GST)...