background :score, ost and orai risk assessment tools could reduce the cost burden of bmd tests by selecting the high risk patients to osteoporosis. in this study we compared the ability of these risk assessment measures to assess probability of the osteoporosis among post-menopausal women.   methods : 211 post-menopausal women aged 45-88 years enrolled into the study. all of the patients under...

As the population ages, the burden of osteoporosis in men is expected to rise. Implementation of preventive measures such as falls prevention strategies, exercise and adequate calcium and vitamin D intake is recommended. However, when the diagnosis of osteoporosis is made, effective treatments need to be initiated to prevent fractures. As opposed to postmenopausal women, reduced bone formation ...

one of the most important summary measures of population health, is disability adjusted life years (daly), introduced for the first time in the project of global burden of disease (gbd), that is the newest as well as the most accepted and familial summary measure of health and the burden of diseases has been measured by this measure at national and regional levels in many countries of the world...

This article examines the economic consequences associated with the death of a child. The economic costs (funeral and medical expenses and productivity losses) of child death 6 months following the death were estimated based on 213 parents who had experienced the death of a child (usually unexpectedly and predominantly mothers). Findings suggest that productivity losses associated with child de...

background: studies suggest that family caregivers of hemodialysis patients experience a high level of burden, which could lead to numerous physical and psychological problems. despite the need for adequate training and support, these caregivers are mostly neglected, and few studies have been performed in this regard. aim: to evaluate the effect of educational programs on the home care of hemod...

Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and architectural derangements leading to an increased fracture risk. Evaluation of the quality of life of patients with osteoporosis concerns the physical, emotional, social and pain QoL domains. Quality of life can be measured to compare the effect of different treatments of osteoporosis. The assessment of quality of l...