This paper is concerned with examining the way in which rooted building blocks grow in GP-like systems. We hypothesize that, in addition to the normal notion of co-operative building blocks, there are also competitive building blocks in the population. These competitive building blocks are all of the rooted variety, all share a similar root structure and compete with each other to spread their ...

Land use maps are very important references for the urban planning and management. However, it is difficult and time-consuming to get high-resolution urban land use maps. In this study, we propose a new method to derive land use information at building block level based on machine learning and geo-tagged street-level imagery – Google Street View images. Several commonly used generic image featu...

Genetic Algorithms (GAs) are increasingly used for such purposes as deriving programs 1] and producing designs for robots 2]. According to the building-block hypothesis and schema analysis of Holland 3] the GA is an eecient search method. However, empirical work has shown that in some cases the method is outperformed by simpler processes such as random-permutation hill climbing 4] and 5]. The p...

Children's block building performances are used as indicators of other abilities in multiple domains. In the current study, we examined individual differences, types of model and social settings as influences on children's block building performance. Chinese preschoolers (N = 180) participated in a block building activity in a natural setting, and performance was assessed with multiple measures...

The external walls are regarded as an important source for the thermal exchange between the outside and inside of a building. Despite the significance of building walls for energy savings, a large body of research has focused mainly on thermal comfort, environmental impacts, and economic costs of residential buildings. However, few researchers have addressed the thermal performance of common bu...

The method is proposed for building a fault-tolerant system area network (SAN) as a flat network comprised of several copies of the source network. This flat network is based on a theory of balanced incomplete block designs (BIBD).

The relative reactivity of building blocks is critical for a successful preparation of combinatorial libraries. Here, we present a method for measuring the reactivity of carboxylic acid building blocks in amide-forming reactions. The method involves competitive reactions between a reference and test acid and a tetraphenylporphyrin reaction partner with four reactive sites. Relative reactivities...

İmar planları meydana getirilirken en önemli kıstaslardan biri imar parsellerinin inşaat yapım alanı olarak elverişliliğidir. Konut, ticaret ya da diğer sosyal donatı alanları ile birlikte düzgün bir şehircilik anlayışı yürütülmelidir. Bu planlarındaki adaları genellikle farklı çeşit kimliğe sahip parseller topluluğundan oluşur. Ayrık, blok, bitişik serbest yapı özelliğine sınırları içerinde ol...