Bubble formation is a well identified phenomenon within short (ns) and ultrashort (fs) laser pulses-aqueous media interactions. Bubble formation might be produced by three different mechanisms: (1) optical breakdown, (2) rarefraction wave and (3) overheating of the material. Experiments where transparent and scattering tissue models that mimic biological tissue were irradiated with a Q-switched...

1. Rats killed in a variety of ways (broken neck, nembutal, anoxia, electrocution) may undergo extensive bubble formation when subsequently decompressed from atmospheric pressure to simulated altitudes of 50,000 feet. On autopsy at sea level, large numbers of bubbles are found throughout the vascular system in the majority of animals. These bubbles appear to originate in small vessels deep with...

A model for bubble formation from a single submerged orifice is developed using the boundary-integral method. Since the flow field is assumed to be irrotational, potential-flow theory is used to predict the growth of the bubble. The effects of the surface tension and the liquid circulation around the bubble are included in the calculation. Predictions of bubble shape, chamber pressure and the e...

The interaction of a laser-induced cavitation bubble with an elastic boundary is investigated experimentally by high-speed photography and acoustic measurements. The elastic material consists of a polyacrylamide (PAA) gel whose elastic properties can be controlled by modifying the water content of the sample. The elastic modulus, E, is varied between 0.017 MPa and 2.03 MPa, and the dimensionles...

Bubble formation from plasmonic heating of nanostructures is of great interest in many applications. In this work, we study experimentally the intrinsic effects of the number of three-dimensional plasmonic nanostructures on the dynamics of microbubbles, largely decoupled from the effects of dissolved air. The formation and dissolution of microbubbles is observed on exciting groups of 1, 4, and ...

Long bubble tracks, <1 mm in diameter, have been produced in liquid argon and nitrogen with a nitrogen laser beam (h = 337 nm), offering subnanosecond pulses with small beam divergence. Bubble formation was observed over a wide range of operating conditions, including those for ordinary bubble chamber operation, with a laser pulse of 10 #J. Typical bubble densities obtained were 4-8 bubbles/cm,...