BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is the leading cause of child mortality under five years of age worldwide. For pneumonia with chest indrawing in children aged 3-59 months, injectable penicillin and hospitalization was the recommended treatment. This increased the health care cost and exposure to nosocomial infections. We compared the clinical and cost outcomes of a seven day treatment with oral amoxicill...

Current modalities of ventilatory assistance in the management of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in preterm infants range from continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) to various modes of mechanical ventilation. The use of CPAP has been associated with a lower incidence of chronic lung disease when used as the initial respiratory support. In contrast, mechanical ventilation has the poten...

Received February 15, 2007 Abstract Bubble continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) was introduced more than 30 years ago for infants with respiratory distress. With this, there had been reports of decreased incidence of mechanical ventilation and chronic lung disease among the premature, as well as less failure of extubation. This report described how this treatment modality was adopted loca...