CONTEXT Brunner's gland hyperplasia is rarely associated with clinical symptoms. Most of the lesions are less than 1 cm in diameter and accounts for about 6.8% of all endoscopically removed duodenal polyps. When symptoms occur, this hyperplasia can be effectively treated with endoscopy. However, when the lesion is too large to pass through the endoscopic snare, endoscopic treatment is not possi...

Brunner gland adenoma (Brunerroma or hamartoma) is a rare, benign lesion of the Brunner’s glands, accounting for 10.6% of benign duodenal tumors10. It is predominantly seen in the 5th to 6th decades and with no gender predilection13. It is often an incidental finding during esophagogastroduodenoscopy or imaging studies. In symptomatic patients, clinical manifestations include gastrointestinal b...

Complement activation may play an important role in the pathogenesis of coeliac disease. In the present study immunohistochemical localisation of C3 and of a neoantigen exposed only on the terminal C5b-9 complement complex has been performed on small intestinal biopsy sections from newly diagnosed untreated coeliac patients, from coeliac patients on long-term gluten-free diet and from disease c...

Gastric (foveolar) metaplasia (GM) in the duodenum occurs many cases where duodenitis develops histologically. However, few studies have investigated presence of GM celiac patients. This study aimed to determine prevalence and its relationship with clinicopathological parameters untreated pediatric Duodenal biopsy specimens 153 were analyzed. MUC5AC immunohistochemical staining was applied all ...

HE MULTIPLIER MODEL of the money supply, originally developed by Brunner (1961) and Brunner and Meltzer (1964), has become the standard paradigm in macroeconomics and money and banking textbooks to explain how the policy actions of the Federal Reserve influence the money stock. It also has been used in empirical analyses of money stock control and the impact of monetary policy actions on other ...

Variability and trends in total and vertically resolved stratospheric ozone D. Brunner, J. Staehelin, J. A. Maeder, I. Wohltmann, and G. E. Bodeker Institute for Atmospheric and Climate Science, ETH Zurich, Switzerland Alfred Wegner Institute, Potsdam, Germany National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research (NIWA), New Zealand now at: Empa – Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Swi...

The honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) uses various chemical signals produced by the worker exocrine glands to maintain the functioning of its colony. The roles of worker postcerebral glands (PcGs), thoracic glands (TGs), and mandibular glands (MGs) and the functional changes they undergo according to the division of labor from nursing to foraging are not as well studied. To comprehensively character...