The aim of the study was to determine the effects of various petroleum-derived substances, namely petrol, diesel fuel and spent engine oil, on life history traits and population dynamics of the black bean aphid Aphis fabae Scop. and on growth and chemical composition of its host plant Vicia faba L. Each substance was tested separately, using two concentrations (9 g kg-1 and 18 g kg-1). The expe...

The roots of most land plants are colonised by mycorrhizal fungi that provide mineral nutrients in exchange for carbon. Here, we show that mycorrhizal mycelia can also act as a conduit for signalling between plants, acting as an early warning system for herbivore attack. Insect herbivory causes systemic changes in the production of plant volatiles, particularly methyl salicylate, making bean pl...

black bean aphid is widely distributed in the world. it has several hosts from weeds and cultivated plants. this aphid passes the winter as egg on some permanent weeds, box tree and etc. young wingless hatches from the eggs in the spring and the winged aphids after appearance migrate to seed beet fields. after producing some generations, they fly to the various summer hosts such as bean, sugar ...

In this study, the orientation of two different predator species [(Coccinella septempunctata L., Hippodamia variegata (Goeze) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)) to aphids [Aphis fabae Scopoli and Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris (Hemiptera: Aphididae)] was investigated. Y-type olfactometer which made glass material with one entrance exit openings used in study. Different applications were applied ends pred...

Herbivores can ingest and store plant-synthesized toxic compounds in their bodies, and sequester those compounds for their own benefits. The broad bean, Vicia faba L., contains a high quantity of L-DOPA (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine), which is toxic to many insects. However, the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, can feed on V. faba normally, whereas many other aphid species could not. In this stu...

Aphid species, their parasitoids and predators on vegetables (bean, cucumber, eggplant, melon, okra, pepper, pumpkin, tomato watermelon) grown in Erzincan province, Turkey were determined. Surveys carried out at weekly intervals from the seedling period until end of harvest Central Üzümlü districts province 2014-2016. 30-40 plants randomly selected surveys all parts investigated with a magnifie...

To investigate similarities between symbiotic interactions of broad bean (Vicia faba) with rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi, plant gene expression induced by both microsymbionts was compared. We demonstrated the exclusive expression of 19 broad bean genes, including VfENOD2, VfENOD5, VfENOD12 and three different leghemoglobin genes, in root nodules. In contrast, the leghemoglobin gene VfLb29 was ...

U4 RNA, which is known to play an indispensable role in pre-mRNA splicing, is present in plant nuclei, has a canonical m3 2,2,7 G cap at its 5' end and is associated with U6 RNA in snRNP particles. It occurs in broad bean in the form of a number of sequence variants. Two of these were sequenced: U4A RNA is 154 and U4B RNA is 152 nucleotides long. Sequence similarity of broad bean U4B RNA is 94 ...

The bacterial communities of aphids were investigated by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis analysis of 16S rRNA gene fragments generated by PCR with general eubacterial primers. By both methods, the gamma-proteobacterium Buchnera was detected in laboratory cultures of six parthenogenetic lines of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum and o...

The performance of cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch. (Hemiptera: Aphididae), on five faba bean, Vicia faba L. (Fabales: Fabaceae) cultivars was evaluated. Colony development, biology, and demographic parameters were studied to measure the cowpea aphid performance. Two methods, whole plant and detached leaf, were used in these experiments. After 14 d , the number of apterous adult, nymphs, an...