Fluorosis in China has been known to be induced by two main causes. One is water-dependent fluorosis caused by a long-time consumption of high-fluoride (F) containing water. The other is called "coal-burning type fluorosis", caused by inhalation of air polluted by coal smoke and/or ingestion of food exposed to coal smoke. We conducted a study on a group of Tibetan residents who regularly consum...

Biochar application to soils has been investigated as a means of improving soil fertility and mitigating climate change through soil carbon sequestration. In the present work, the invasive shrub "Eupatorium adenophorum" was utilized as a sustainable feedstock for making biochar under different pyrolysis conditions in Nepal. Biochar was produced using several different types of kilns; four sub t...

A large quantity of sludge is generated each year from water treatment plants in Egypt. Disposing the sludge to the nearest water stream is the common practice in Egypt, which accumulatively rise the aluminum concentrations in water and consequently in human bodies. This practice has been linked to occurrence of Alzheimer’s disease. Landfill disposal of the sludge is impractical because of the ...

t was March 17 2004, around 5 PM in the evening. I was in one of the villages of Kathmandu valley. There are plenty of brick kilns, especially, Bull's Trench brick kilns. The labourers were working there as the sun slowly set behind the hills in the West. Some of them were moulding the bricks while others were carrying the bricks from the field to the chimney site. The field was hot, dusty and ...

Bangladesh is one of the top brick manufacturing countries in globe. With rapid urbanization and industrialization, industry elevating to its peak level day by contributing country’s GDP significantly. This research aims investigate current environmental health threat coming from kilns around capital Bangladesh. The selected areas are Savar, Tongi, Amin Bazar Ashulia. methodology followed this ...

Background Manual brick-manufacturing units in India engage a large number of female workers on a daily-wage basis for a period of 8 months per year. There are two groups of female workers in the brickfields: the brick molders and the brick carriers. These brickfields are mostly unorganized, and the workers are exposed to extreme conditions such as very high seasonal heat. The present trend of ...