Ninety-two children with velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS), a genetic disorder caused by a microdeletion of chromosome 22q11.2 and an age, race, and gender-ratio comparable sample of 59 control participants were included in the project. Participants received an MRI as well as a comprehensive neuropsychological battery; the primary outcome measure in the current report is the Rey-Osterrieth Compl...

OBJECTIVE The association of chorioamnionitis and noncystic white matter injury, a common brain injury in premature newborns, remains controversial. Our objectives were to determine the association of chorioamnionitis and postnatal risk factors with white matter injury, and the effects of chorioamnionitis on early brain development, using advanced magnetic resonance imaging. METHODS Ninety-tw...

Although many studies on the mechanical properties of brain tissue exist, some controversy concerning the possible differences in mechanical properties of white and gray matter tissues remains. Indentation experiments are conducted on white and gray matter tissues of various regions of the cerebrum and on tissue from the thalamus and the midbrain to study interregional differences. An advantage...

Application of fMRI to studies of cognitive development is of growing interest because of its sensitivity and non-invasive nature. However, interpretation of fMRI results in children is presently based on vascular dynamics that have been studied primarily in healthy adults. Comparison of the neurological basis of cognitive development is valid to the extent that the neurovascular responsiveness...

Introduction: Voxel based morphometry is a type of statistical parametric mapping that can be used to investigate the effect of diseases such as epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease or other agent such as skills on brain structure (white matter, gray matter and cerebrospinal fluid). The aim of this study is evaluate the effectiveness of this method in detection of differen...

In a patient whose Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease with congophilic kuru plaques that was proved at necropsy, the early brain CT showed low-density areas in the cerebral white matter before cortical atrophy and ventricular enlargement became apparent. Subsequently, there occurred diffuse white matter lucency and severe brain atrophy. At necropsy, there was severe white matter destruction which was mo...

Sleep apnea has been related to brain changes such as atrophy. However, which component of sleep apnea, the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), nocturnal oxygen desaturation or arousals, can explain this association is unclear. In this large population-based study (n1⁄4681, mean age 62.1 years), we investigated the associations of AHI, nocturnal oxygen desaturation and arousals with global and regional...

background: the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the cognitive impairment and naa/cr and cho/cr ratios in the proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1hmrs), and to assess the importance of 1hmrs in the early diagnosis of cognitive impairment in patients with ischemic white matter lesions (wmls). materials and methods: a total of 45 patients (23males and 22 femal...

BACKGROUND It is well established that schizophrenia is associated with structural brain abnormalities, but whether these are static or progress over time remains controversial. METHODS A systematic review of longitudinal volumetric studies using region-of-interest structural magnetic resonance imaging in patients with schizophrenia and healthy control subjects. The percentage change in volum...