BACKGROUND Mounting evidence has shown that KRAS and BRAF are somatic mutations associated with low grade serous carcinoma (LGSC) of the ovary. However, the frequency of KRAS or BRAF mutation was variable in literatures, with a frequency of 16-54% for KRAS mutation and 2-33% for BRAF mutation. Meanwhile, the prognostic significance of KRAS or BRAF mutation remains controversial. METHODS Codon...

Background & Objective: This study was designed for the first time for the detection of mutant BRAF V600E and its correlation with clinicophathologic features in a sample of Iranian patients with pathologically proved pigmented skin neoplasms.Methods: 82 paraffin-embedded blocks, including melanocytic nevi, malignant melanoma, Basel cell carcinoma, and sq...

Purpose: Many patients with BRAFV600E mutant melanoma treated with BRAF inhibitors experience a rapid response, but ultimately develop resistance. Insight into the mechanism of resistance is critical for development of more effective treatment strategies.Experimental Design: Comprehensive genomic profiling of serial biopsies was performed in a patient with a BRAFV600E mutant metastatic melanoma...

BRAF gene mutations are frequently seen in both inherited and somatic diseases. However, the harmful mutations for BRAF gene have not been predicted in silico. Owing to the importance of BRAF gene in cell division, differentiation and secretion processes, the functional analysis was carried out to explore the possible association between genetic mutations and phenotypic variations. Genomic anal...

BRAF mutations occur in up to 50% of melanomas. Mutations in the BRAF gene directly influence the patient's treatment because several inhibitors are available that only target BRAFV600 mutations. Herein, we describe two cases of patients with metastatic melanomas, each carrying a 'nonstandard' mutation in the BRAF gene: BRAFK601E and BRAFG466E, respectively. The first patient was treated with a...

BACKGROUND Distinction of Spitz nevus from malignant melanoma is sometimes difficult on the basis of conventional histology. A high rate of BRAF gene mutations in malignant melanomas (66%) and nevi (82%) has recently been reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS We screened a series of 20 Spitz nevi for BRAF mutations in exons 11 and 15 by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). RESULTS BRAF...

Mutations of the BRAF protein serine/threonine kinase gene have recently been identified in a variety of human cancers, most notably melanomas. We sought to determine the frequency of BRAF mutations in human lung cancer pathogenesis. Analysis of BRAF sequence from 127 primary human lung adenocarcinomas revealed mutations in two tumor specimens, one in exon 11 (G465V), and a second in exon 15 (L...

Several causes may lead to CRC, either extrinsic (sporadic forms) or genetic (hereditary forms), such as Lynch syndrome (LS). Most sporadic deficient mismatch repair (dMMR) CRC cases are characterized by the methylation of MLH1 promoter gene and/or BRAF mutations. Usually, first test performed is deficiency analysis. If a tumor shows dMMR, mutations and then status have be assessed, according A...

The B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase (BRAF) gene is the most frequently mutated gene in malignant melanoma (MM) and papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and is causally involved in malignant cell transformation. Mutated BRAF is associated with an aggressive disease phenotype, thus making it a top candidate for targeted treatment strategies in MM and PTC. We show that BRAF mutations in bot...

Mutation in the BRAF V600E gene metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) occurs 510% of cases and is a significant problem due to aggressive course extremely unfavorable prognosis. In recent years, new treatment options for mutated CRC have been emerging, example, combinations inhibitors, anti-EGFR antibodies with optional addition MEK inhibitors. The possibility local methods also being discussed. O...