We study false vacuum decays catalysed by magnetic monopoles which act as tunnelling sites with exponentially enhanced decay rates. The field profiles describing the do not have typically assumed $O(3)/O(4)$ symmetry, thus requiring an extension of usual rate calculation. To numerically determine saddle point solutions describe process we use a new algorithm based on mountain pass theorem. This...

The authors show that the Mesoproterozoic (1.6-1.0 bn year before present) was no “boring billion” but a “bustling billion” - not only with Stromatolites and their apex in the Calymmian and Ectasian but also with the presence of multicellular organisms. To make it visible a graphical reconstruction was created. For a long time, it was assumed that there existed no noteworthy biosphere on Earth ...

1 Thimann, K. V., Ann. Rev. Biochem., 4, 545 (1935). 2 Thimann, K. V., Proc. Kon. Akad. Wetensch. Amsterdam, 38, 896 (1935); Went, F. W., and Haagen-Smit, A. J., Ibid.. 38, 852 (1935). I Kogl, F., Haagen-Smit, A. J., and Erxleben, H., Zeit. Physiol. Chem., 228, 90 (1934). 4 Lane, R. H., Am. Jour. Bot., in press. ' Thimann, K. V., Ihid., in press. 6 Snow, R., New Phytologist, 34, 347 (1935). 7 C...

Boring is an operation which converts a knot or two-component link in a 3–manifold into another knot or two-component link. It generalizes rational tangle replacement and can be described as a type of 2–handle attachment. Sutured manifold theory is used to study the existence of essential spheres and planar surfaces in the exteriors of knots and links obtained by boring a split link. It is show...

The element boron is not renowned among biologists, short of a few specialists who know that it is an essential nutrient for plants and an element in boromycin—an antibiotic compound produced by Streptomyces. Yet, on the whole, molecular biologists and, in particular, those in drug development seem to have little use for carbon’s left-hand neighbour in the periodic table. This is about to chang...

In machining industries, achieving better surface finish of a product is very essential. Surface finish is important in terms of tolerances, it reduces assembly time in mating surfaces which results in overall cost reduction. In this work, three cutting speeds, three feed rates and three depth of cuts were used in boring operation. During the boring operation, the accelerometer was fixed on the...