OnabotulinumtoxinA was introduced to the US market in 2002 as the first botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) approved for facial aesthetics. This article provides an overview of onabotulinumtoxinA's uses and indications as well as safety and efficacy data. As with other BoNTA products, onabotulinumtoxinA is generally well tolerated. Consideration is also given to clinical applications of the product....

INTRODUCTION: Two-thirds of those suffering a cerebral vascular accident (CVA) survive, with approximately half of those being left with physical incapacity [1]. Hemiplegic patients with cerebral vascular lesion, present a clinical picture which combines a variety of motor, sensory, visual and cognitive defects. These defects typically lead to disturbances of the gait cycle, characterised by ch...

Periocular botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) injections are generally safe. Ptosis is the most common adverse effect, whereas eyelid edema is rarely reported. There is no consensus on the latter's incidence, clinical course, or treatment strategy. Here we managed a 59-year-old woman who received BoNTA injections to her forehead, glabella, and eye corner. At 3-day follow-up, she presented with pain...

Botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) products are injectable biologic medications derived from Clostridium botulinum bacteria. Several different BoNTA products are marketed in various countries, and they are not interchangeable. Differences between products include manufacturing processes, formulations, and the assay methods used to determine units of biological activity. These differences result in ...

Objectives: Objective and subjective evaluation of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNTA) treatment for adductor type spasmodic dysphonia is presented. Therefore, a combinatorial approach based on patients’ and speech experts’ assessment of voice impairment, as well as on the acoustic analysis of spoken standardized text was performed. Study design: Prospective clinical study. Materials and methods: Fo...

A lot has been written about what works in interventions with offenders (eg Andrews & Bonta 2008; McIvor & Raynor 2008; McNeill et al. 2005). In recent years, there have also been a small number of studies focusing on what works in the routine supervision of offenders on probation, parole or other community-based orders. These studies have found that certain supervision skills offered by superv...

BACKGROUND A new formulation of a botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNTA-ABO; Dysport [abobotulinumtoxinA], Medicis Aesthetics, Scottsdale, AZ) has recently been approved in the United States for the treatment of moderate to severe glabellar lines. OBJECTIVE We describe the results of four phase III studies of BoNTA-ABO for the treatment of glabellar lines. METHODS Of the four studies reported ...

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS Although onabotulinum neurotoxin A (BoNTA) has been used for over three decades for the treatment of adductor spasmodic dysphonia, no study has been performed to look at the trend of BoNTA dosages across time. The goal of this study is to evaluate the dosage trends to determine if the dosage necessary for voice improvement in patients increases over time. STUDY DESIGN Ch...

Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNTA) causes a life-threatening neuroparalytic disease known as botulism. Current treatment for post exposure of BoNTA uses antibodies that are effective in neutralizing the extracellular toxin to prevent further intoxication but generally cannot rescue already intoxicated neurons. Effective small-molecule inhibitors of BoNTA endopeptidase (BoNTAe) are desirabl...

BACKGROUND A new formulation of botulinum neurotoxin type A (BoNTA-ABO; Dysport [abobotulinumtoxinA]; Medicis Aesthetics, Scottsdale, AZ) was recently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of moderate to severe glabellar lines. OBJECTIVE To assess the long-term safety of repeat administrations of BoNTA-ABO for the treatment of glabellar lines, including variable do...