Muscle dysmorphia is an emerging condition that primarily affects male bodybuilders. Such individuals obsess about being inadequately muscular. Compulsions include spending hours in the gym, squandering excessive amounts of money on ineffectual sports supplements, abnormal eating patterns or even substance abuse. In this essay, I illustrate the features of muscle dysmorphia by employing the fir...

Background Nutrient intake is critical to a bodybuilder in terms of improving the overall muscular appearance of their physique. Total energy intake and the proportion of the kilocalories derived from carbohydrates, protein, and fats are often precisely planned and implemented to maximize skeletal muscle hypertrophy and reduce body fat. The purpose of this study is to describe the self-reported...

Normal insulin with undetectable C-peptide concentrations indicates exogenous insulin administration in a bodybuilder (1 ). Insulin has anabolic functions that inhibit breakdown and promote nutrient storage (2 ). Pharmaceutical-grade insulin is available without prescription, providing an easy-to-obtain performance enhancer (3). Although a urinary testosterone/ luteinizing hormone ratio 30 is a...

GENIUS Bodybuilder is a tool for the evolutionary design of arbitrary closed surfaces that integrates seamlessly into the 3D-modelling process. In contrast to prevailing evolutionary tools it is not built on a proprietary object representation, but makes use of a deformative approach that can be applied to commonly used surface representations such as polygon meshes or NURBS faces. The current ...