To evaluate the utility potential of pretreated biomass in blast furnaces, the fuel properties, including fuel ratio, ignition temperature, and burnout, of bamboo, oil palm, rice husk, sugarcane bagasse, and Madagascar almond undergoing torrefaction and carbonization in a rotary furnace are analyzed and compared to those of a high-volatile coal and a low-volatile one used in pulverized coal inj...

The present study focuses on the optimization in the use of non-petroleum fuel derived from waste fish oil fuels, as a replacement for petroleum diesel fuel for compression ignition engine. The study comprises of comparison between results of fish oil biodiesel-diesel blends on a compression ignition engine. Fuel properties such as viscosity, density, heat value of fuel, cetane number and a fla...

Tests of ultra-low sulfur diesel blended with soy-biodiesel at 5% and 20% were conducted using a 2002 model year Cummins ISB engine (with exhaust gas recirculation) that had been retrofitted with a passively regenerated catalyzed diesel particulate filter (DPF). Results show that on average, the DPF balance point temperature (BPT) is 45°C and 112°C lower for B20 blends and neat biodiesel, respe...

Gas-to-liquid (GTL) fuel is regarded as a promising alternative diesel fuel. It can be used either directly as a diesel fuel or in blends with petroleum-derived diesel or biodiesel. This study investigated the fuel properties, engine performance and exhaust emissions of B5 diesel, GTL fuel and their blends. The main fuel properties of the blended fuels showed a linear variation with the fractio...

the gradual depletion of fossil fuels and the increase on their cost have made the researchers to look for renewable sources of energy. biodiesel fuel has attracted many researchers due to its low environmental pollution and being a renewable fuel. in this research, biodiesel was prepared by transesrtification of persian lilac seed oil. the prepared fuel was mixed with regular petro diesel in 0...

This paper uses dynamic programming to compare the optimal fuel and electricity costs associated with two supervisory control strategies from the plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) literature. One strategy blends fuel and electricity for propulsion throughout the useful range of battery state of charge (SOC), while the second strategy switches from all-electric to blended operation at a pre...

The present study converses the usability of ethanol as a clean and green renewable alternative fuel for spark ignition engine. The study emphasizes not only on the inherent properties of ethanol as a fuel but also elaborately reviews about the performance characteristics of the engine considering the effects of different important parameters like cyclic variability, ignition timing, internal c...

In this study, the effects of injection pressure and timing on the performance and emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine using methanol (5%, 10% and 15%) blended-diesel fuel were investigated. The tests were conducted on three different injection pressures (180, 200 and 220 bar) and timings (15 , 20 , and 25 CA BTDC) at 20 Nm engine load and 2200 rpm. The results indicated that brake s...

The rapid depletion in world petroleum reserves and uncertainty in petroleum supply due to political and economical reasons, as well as, the sharp escalations in the petroleum prices have stimulated the search for alternatives to petroleum fuels. The situation is very grave in developing countries like India which imports 70% of the required fuel, spending 30% of her total foreign exchange earn...

We propose a conceptual study of prototype strained hydrocarbon molecules as high energy density additives for hybrid rocket fuels to boost the performance of these rockets without compromising safety and reliability. Use of these additives could extend the range of applications for which hybrid rockets become an attractive alternative to conventional solid or liquid fuel rockets. The objective...