In humans and other mammals except rodents, the spermatozoa contribute the proximal centriole during fertilization. The inheritance of the distal centriole is not yet fully clear. In the present work, the distal centrioles of rhesus and human spermatozoa have been studied by transmission electron microscopy. The round and elongating rhesus spermatids possess both proximal and distal centrioles....

Antibody-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles dispersed in phosphate-buffered saline solution were used as reagents immunomagnetic reduction assays. Biomolecules are detected bioliquid samples when they associate with and reduce the AC susceptibility χ ac of reagent at a given frequency. In this study, chemical kinetics for real-time during association was investigated. The between biomolecule...

in human fertilization, the sperm centrosome nucleates a radial array of microtubules called the sperm aster. the sperm aster is responsible for apposition of male and female pronuclei, and later gives rise to the first meiotic spindle. the objective of this study was to determine microtubule assembly and chromatin configuration in rabbit oocytes following intracytoplasmic injection with human ...

Microtubules are dynamic structures regulated by post-translational modifications called a tubulin code. The pictured jester's cap ‘n’ bells resembles disassembling microtubules—a catastrophe—with the illustrating C-terminal tyrosine on tubulins. One is replaced our chemical proteomics probe, which being attached tubulin-tyrosine ligase. juggling amino acids of proteins animate tyrosination cyc...

This study is concerned with pen-joint and interjoint coordination in handwriting. In particular, it focuses on the stability of coordination as a means to find the locus of coordination control in the arm-pen effector system. Twelve subjects generated loop sequences of varying length at various positions on the baseline of writing. Joint excursions and pen-tip displacements were recorded by me...

To assess the regenerative capability of the photoreceptor synapse, we have isolated and cultured photoreceptors from the mature salamander retina. Both rod and cone photoreceptors were able to regenerate processes within 3 d of plating. Cells extended numerous actin-containing filopodia as well as a few neuritic processes. The neurites contained microtubules and formed synaptic vesicle-filled ...

The ultrastructure of somatic mitosis in the germlings of Apoglossum ruscifolium, Kylin, fixed from its natural habitat, was examined to investigate spindle-pole development and the role of the 'polar ring'. It was found that the polar ring originates from a special nuclear pore raised above a small projection of the nuclear envelope. The initiation of mitotic polarity takes the form of changes...

In the present work we have studied a novel conjugate of DNA alkylating agent chlorambucil with podophyllotoxin, ligand colchicine binding site in tubulin. The target compound was obtained by Steglich esterification podophyllotoxin percentage yield 41%. Results biotesting carried out on carcinoma A549 cell line revealed that at concentration 2 μM caused full depolymerization microtubules withou...

The detyrosination/retyrosination cycle is the most common post-translational modification of α-tubulin. Removal conserved C-terminal tyrosine α-tubulin by a still elusive tubulin carboxypeptidase, and religation this ligase (TTL), are probably to all eukaryotes. Interestingly, for plants, only candidates qualifying as potential TTL homologs ligase-like 12 proteins. To get insight into biologic...

We show that if a polynomial filled Julia set has empty interior, then it is computable.