one of the important parts of innate immunity is complement system that occurs in three different ways; the classic, the alternative and the lectin pathway. the four pattern recognition molecules that have been identified till now are mannose binding lectin (mbl), a component of lectin pathway, and three ficolins (ficolin1,-2 and -3) which compound to the carbohydrates of the cell surface. mbl ...

in this paper we discuss about tenacity and its properties in stability calculation. we indicate relationships between tenacity and connectivity, tenacity and binding number, tenacity and toughness. we also give good lower and upper bounds for tenacity.

results in this study, 45 (13.4 %) urine samples were positive for candida species (17 males and 28 females). the most common isolated yeast was candida albicans (34%), followed by c. glabrata (32.1%), c. tropicalis (9.4%), other candida species (22.6%), and rhodotorula species (1.9%). the mean serum levels of mbl were 0.85 ± 0.01 ng/ml and 1.02 ± 0.03 ng/ml among candiduric patients and contro...

linear–dendrite copolymers containing hyper branched poly(citric acid) and linear poly(ethylene glycol) blocks pca–peg–pca are promising nonmaterial to use  in nanomedicine. to investigate their potential application in biological systems (especially for drug carries) oniom2 calculations were applied to study the nature of particular interactions between drug and the polymeric nanoparticles.  b...

the binding of drugs by plasma proteins is an important phenomenon, because it influences the size of the free fraction of the drugs in plasma. in this study the influence of dipyridamole (dp) on the protein binding of propranolol (pl) and pl on the protein binding of dp were studied alone and in the presence of nicotine (nc).        the equilibrium dialysis was employed for protein binding stu...

background: acanthamoeba keratitis develops by pathogenic acanthamoeba such as a. pal­es­tinen­sis . indeed this species is one of the known causative agents of amoebic keratitis in iran. mannose binding protein (mbp) is the main pathogenicity factors for developing this sight threatening disease. we aimed to characterize mbp gene in pathogenic acanthamoeba isolates such as a. palestinensis . m...

immune genes of the major histocompatibility complex (mhc) are among the most polymorphic genes in the vertebrate genome. due to their polymorphic nature, they are often used to assess the adaptive genetic variability of natural populations. this study describes the first molecular characterization of 13 partial mhc class iib sequences from three european ranid frogs.  the utility of previously...