Demonstrative noun phrases (e.g., that guy, this) are of interest to philosophers of language and semanticists because they are sensitive to demonstrations or speaker intentions. The interpretation of a demonstrative therefore sheds light on the role of the context in natural language semantics. This survey reviews two types of approaches to demonstratives: Kaplan’s direct reference treatment o...

In forecasting the operation of the manufacturing industry in the 21st century, the authors recently proposed “science SQC” as a demonstrative-scientific methodology and discussed its effectiveness on the basis of verification studies conducted by Toyota Motor Corporation. This study outlines a new SQC principle “science SQC”, as a demonstrative-scientific methodology, which enables the princip...

This paper presents the results of a multilingual corpus study on definite descriptions and demonstrative noun phrases. The analysis made on a parallel corpus (French and Portuguese) reinforces previous findings regarding the predominance of non-anaphoric uses of definite descriptions in English corpus. It is also shown that the use of demonstrative noun phrases, on the other hand, is more regu...

This paper presents necessary and sufficient conditions for the use of demonstrative expressions in English and discusses implications for current discourse processing algorithms. We examine a broad range of texts to show how the distribution of demonstrative forms and functions is genre dependent. This research is part of a larger study of anaphoric expressions, the results of which will be in...

judgment mistake has its own complexities for several reasons (difference of expediencies of the two legal/judicial systems, difference of precepts for judgment mistake in judiciary and penal discussions, divisions of various judgments and law in jurisprudence, law, etc.). judgment mistake with such a nature entails numerous questions. answering the question as to whether the judgment mistake i...

Spatial demonstratives - terms including this and that - are among the most common words across all languages. Yet, there are considerable differences between languages in how demonstratives carve up space and the object characteristics they can refer to, challenging the idea that the mapping between spatial demonstratives and the vision and action systems is universal. In seven experiments we ...