is a series of distinguished essays on political economy and public policy. The Cato Institute takes its name from an earlier series of Cato's Letters, essays on political liberty written by John Trenchard and Thomas Gordon in the 18th century, which were widely read in the American colonies and played a major role in laying the philosophical foundation for the American Revolution. Additional c...

in iran, new centralization characteristic, especially during pahlavi dynasty, has been convergence and its vast use in bureaucracy. historical sociological studies have consensus on the issues of centralization, power centralization, and political sovereignty in iran; however, these issues have some divisional interruptions and different levels of strength in some parts of the history. this es...

Both the American Revolution and the nation which grew out of it adopted as their guiding political philosophy the principles of representationalism and accountability: Decisions of governing political and social policy are to be made, for the most part, by those who are both representative of and accountable to the populace.1 To be sure, those who framed our Constitution never contemplated eit...

Democracy: Marx’s theory of history (ex. Organization of the mode of production determines superstructure; unequal distribution of labor) explains the lack of actual democracy in capitalist societies; however, Marx’s thought concerning progression (also a theory of history) states that capitalist societies would eventually progress to a democratic state after a revolution of the proletariat. Ma...

La révolution napolitaine de 1820-1821 a été considérée par l’historiographie italienne comme un phénomène marginal, peu signification, et sans réelle portée politique pour le processus risorgimental, du fait son faible impact sur les habitants royaume des Deux-Siciles. À partir ses recherches dans fonds d’archives, l’auteure se propose réévaluer cette révolution, autant sous l’angle institutio...