Introduction: The Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) has a spatial resolution of ~ 3 x 6 km/pixel, with 143 spectral bands between 50-6 µm (~200-1600 cm-1). Previous compositional studies using TES data have been conducted at the multi-pixel (tens to thousands) level [1-6]. At these spatial scales (>30 km), outcrops of bedrock cannot be resolved, therefore surface composit...

[1] Numerical models of bedrock valley development generally do not include weathering explicitly. Nevertheless, weathering is an essential process that acts in concert with the transport of loose debris by seepage and runoff to form many bedrock valleys. Here we propose a numerical model for bedrock valley development that explicitly distinguishes weathering and the transport of loose debris a...

[1] We conducted a detailed study of subsurface flow and water table response coupled with digital terrain analysis (DTA) of surface and subsurface features at the hillslope scale in Panola Mountain Research Watershed (PMRW), Georgia. Subsurface storm flow contributions of macropore and matrix flow in different sections along an artificial trench face were highly variable in terms of timing, pe...

[1] The formation of inner gorges cut into bedrock has been explained as relief rejuvenation by fluvial incision in response to rapid base level drop, repeated glaciations, frequent pore pressure–driven landsliding focused at hillslope toes, or catastrophic outburst flows from natural dam failures. Prominent inner gorges occur in soft Mesozoic Bündner schist and lower Tertiary flysch units of t...

In an actively deforming orogen, maintenance of a topographic steady state requires that hillslope erosion, river incision, and rock uplift rates are balanced over timescales of 10–10 years. Over shorter times, < 10 years, hillslope erosion and bedrock river incision rates fluctuate with changes in climate. On 10-year timescales, the Marsyandi River in the central Nepal Himalaya has oscillated ...

The objective of this study was to investigate the possibility of a generic rating curve with a small number of adjustable parameters for the restricted class of bedrock step-pool rivers. The motivation for this study arose from Utah Valley University’s long-term program of groundwater development in the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt, which requires hydrographs for bedrock step-pool rivers near r...

Species composition patterns and vegetation-environment relationships were quantified for high-elevation rock outcrops of the Southern Appalachian Mountains, an infrequent and insular habitat in a forested landscape. Outcrops occur over a wide geographic range encompassing extensive variation in both geology and climate. Geographic-scale factors interact with site-scale factors to produce varia...

[1] Bedrock erosion in mountain river channels ultimately sets the erosion rate of the surrounding hillslopes and the rate of sediment supply to the channels. The supply of coarse bed sediment acts as a dampening effect on further erosion by depositing an alluvial cover that temporarily obscures the bedrock. For landscapes where the residence time of the alluvial bed cover is comparable to the ...

[1] The mechanisms that control climate-dependent rockfall from permafrost mountain slopes are currently poorly understood. In this study, we present the results of an extensive rock slope monitoring campaign at the Matterhorn (Switzerland) with a wireless sensor network. A negative dependency of cleft expansion relative to temperature was observed at all clefts for the dominant part of the yea...

.......................................................................................................... 3 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 4 STUDY SITE ......................................................................................................... 5 Historical Development and Land Use ......................