Depression is commonly seen in survivors of conflict and disaster across the world. There is a dearth of research on the validity of commonly used measures of depression in these populations. Measurements of depression that are used in multiple contexts need to meet measurement equivalence, i.e., the instrument measures the same construct in the same manner across different groups. The Beck Dep...

BACKGROUND No indigenous screening instruments are available for the detection of depression and suicide risk relevant to the context of patients in Uganda. The Response Inventory for Stressful Life Events (RISLE) may be an appropriate tool, but requires validation. OBJECTIVE The paper reports on the development of the RISLE and the refinement of the 100-item RISLE into a shorter version for ...

Many reports have described that a survival judgment task that requires participants to judge words according to their relevance to a survival situation can engender better recall than that obtained in other judgment tasks such as semantic or self-judgment tasks. We investigated whether memory enhancement related to the survival judgment task is elicited or not in subclinically depressed partic...

We present a BDI-based framework for a cognitive agent that acts as an assistant to a human user by performing tasks on her behalf. This framework accommodates: (1) user delegation of tasks to the agent, which may be inconsistent or infeasible or both, and (2) user-specified guidance and preferences on the execution and management of these tasks, which we call advice. Within this delegative BDI...

OBJECTIVE The aim was to evaluate gender differences in depression scores of Iranian and German medical students. METHODS Two hundred Iranian medical students (100 men and 100 women) and 200 German medical students (100 men and 100 women) were selected randomly and completed the English form of the self-rating Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). RESULTS Analysis gave a mean rating of 10.7 ± 6....

Objective: Depression and inactivity in the elderly are major health problems with significant ramifications for healthy aging. Research shows an inverse relationship between depression and physical activity levels. The purpose of the current investigation is to examine the relationship between physical activity and depressive symptoms in healthy older women, first within the framework of exerc...

Two hundred thirty-eight first-year college students were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Thirty students meeting the BDI criteria for moderate to severe depression were randomly assigned to either a treatment or control group. The treatment group received four 90-minute group sessions of EFT (Emotional Freedom Techniques), a novel treatment that combines exposure, cognitive...

BACKGROUND For some phenomena the mean of population distributions predicts the proportion of people exceeding a threshold value. AIMS To investigate whether in depression, too, the population mean predicts the number of individuals at the extreme end of the distribution. METHOD We used data from the European Outcome in Depression International Network (ODIN) study from populations in Finla...

Depressive symptoms are often found to be associated with the number of imagined positive and negative future episodes. Whereas most previous studies investigated the number of imagined events within a limited time period, our study focused on the phenomenal nature of future episodes and their relationships to depressive symptoms, as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Nonclinical ...