according to modern religious studies, religions are rooted in certain metaphorical representations, so they are metaphorical in nature. this article aims to show, first, how conceptual metaphors employ image schemas to make our language meaningful, and then to assert that image-schematic structure of religious expressions, by which religious metaphors conceptualize abstract meanings, is the ba...

There are contradictory ideas concerning the function of metaphors in discourse. Cognitive linguists claim that metaphors are constitutive of reasoning, e.g. Lakoff (1986; 1987). In contrast, anthropologists claim that metaphors are not especially prominent in everyday discourse, e.g. Quinn (1991). This article is an attempt to reconcile the conflicting positions. Instead of the contemporary st...

one of the most important reasons for the success of literary figure is his sufficient use of story elements such as characterization, plot, point of view, symbols. this study critically analyses the different literary elements in naguib mahfouz’s famous collection of short stories, “the infamous house” consisting of 18 stories.  at first, we offer a definition of the short story as a genre and...