Modeling of the battery for 42V PowerNet system is presented. For the Battery Management System (BMS) algorithm in a Mild hybrid vehicle, accuracy in the battery model is crucial. The battery model is needed for the BMS algorithm as well as for the system computer simulation for the energy management. The battery model was composed of impedance elements and each element of the model is estimate...

A piecewise linear, time-varying model for modeling the charging and discharging processes of Li-ion batteries is introduced in this paper. Such a model consists of a group of piecewise linear model segments, whose parameters are adapted online over time. Thus, the combined overall model is capable of modeling nonlinear time-varying processes, such as a Li-ion battery charging and discharging p...

The concept of an “intelligent building” received significant attention from academic, industry and standard development organizations when technically termed a building management system (BMS). Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and their recent development enhanced monitoring and control applications for the building’s areas. This paper surveys and analyzes advantages of the main current and eme...

Proper electric and thermal management of an HEV battery pack, consisting of many modules of cells, is imperative. During operation, voltage and temperature differences in the modules/cells can lead to electrical imbalances from module to module and decrease pack performance by as much as 25%. An active battery management system (BMS) is a must to monitor, control, and balance the pack. The Uni...

significant and rapidly expanding segment of the electronics and semiconductor industries. Unfortunately, projections of the complexity, functionality, and performance of such systems far exceed expected improvements in battery technologies, leading to a widening “battery gap.”1,2 Bridging this gap is a challenge that system designers must face for the foreseeable future. The need to improve ba...

If battery packs for electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) are to operate effectively in all climates, thermal management of the packs is essential. In this paper, we will review a systematic approach for designing and evaluating battery pack thermal management systems. A thermal management system using air as the heat transfer medium is less complicated than a system usin...