We present results of experiments on mixtures of olivine tholeiite and mantle harzburgite, at 5 kb and 1050-1150°C, under conditions of controlled hydrogen fugacity. The basalt end-member was Kilauea 1921 olivine tholeiite + 3 wt.% H2O, and the harzburgite end-member was a mixture of olivine and orthopyroxene mineral separates made from a mantle-derived lherzolite xenolith. The experiments on m...

Small-scale assimilation of limestone during the intrusion of an olivine basalt feeder dyke into an Eocene argillaceous, siliceous biomicrite in the Tokatoka area has resulted in the incorporation of large amounts of calcium into the parent magma. Initial effects of assimilation have caused partial resorption of the earlyformed igneous mineralogy and the precipitation of calcic, iron-rich clino...

The lunar regolith records both the geological history and processes of the Moon and also that of particles from the Sun and galaxy. Such a record extends back to the age of the rock unit upon which the regolith is developed, but complex impact gardening and processing makes this record difficult to recover and interpret. Ancient rock units, such as lava flows, begin to have regolith developed ...

Technology intervention is a key success to restore properties and productivities of a highly weathered soil (Oxisols). The main challenge is to find materials with the ability to generate soil negative charge, release various nutrients and suppress toxic elements. The objective of this study was to increase negative charge and nutrient content, and suppress Al and Mn toxicities of an Oxisol us...

At the southernmost part of Tierra del Fuego a few outcrops and erratic boulders of alkali basaltic rocks with ultramafic enclaves have been studied. Alkali basalt plugs or pipes hitherto identified are scarce, and host rocks are constituted by slates that belong to Mesozoic deposition. The petrography, texture and composition of the basalt and xenoliths were investigated by petrographic micros...

Sympatric speciation has been controversial since it was first proposed as a mode of speciation. Subterranean blind mole rats (Spalacidae) are considered to speciate allopatrically or peripatrically. Here, we report a possible incipient sympatric adaptive ecological speciation in Spalax galili (2n = 52). The study microsite (0.04 km(2)) is sharply subdivided geologically, edaphically, and ecolo...

a r t i c l e i n f o chemostratigraphy of two contrasting Deccan Traps weathering profiles – an ancient, deeply weathered laterite, and a younger (Quaternary), more moderately weathered saprolite – are used to reconstruct different aspects of basalt weathering. Precision of the HFSE analyses is demonstrated through a report of the long-term concentrations and ratios determined in United States...

[1] Lonar crater is a simple, bowl-shaped, near-circular impact crater in the 65 Myr old Deccan Volcanic Province in India. As Lonar crater is a rare terrestrial crater formed entirely in basalt, it provides an excellent opportunity to study the impact deformation in target basalt, which is common on the surfaces of other terrestrial planets and their satellites. The present study aims at docum...

Introduction: In a continuing study of mare basalts and factors affecting their composition, volume, and eruption duration (e.g., incorporation of K-U-Th), we examine the compositions of mare basalts and nonmare units on the floor of Australe Basin. This pre-Nectarian basin is located on the southeastern limb of the Moon (52°S, 95°E) [1], far removed from Th-enriched proximal and possible antip...

Recently, geopolymer binders have been considered because of low cost, simple processes for synthesis and many raw materials in nature. Geopolymer with brittle nature does not have high strength and cannot be used alone for structural materials. Therefore, to use in different structures, the composite which is reinforced with fibers such as carbon, glass, basalt, etchasbeen used. In this resear...