To the Editor: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a member of the family Hepeviridae, genus Orthohepevirus, which comprises 4 species, Orthohepevirus A–D. Orthohepevirus A contains 7 genotypes (HEV1–7) (1,2). HEV1 and HEV2 infect humans only; HEV3, HEV4, and HEV7 can infect humans and other mammals; and HEV5 and HEV6 have been detected in animals only. Worldwide, HEV is the most common cause of acute v...

I~has. been gen~rally agreed that the camel has the ability to produce more milk of good composition for a longer period of time In an environment of extreme temperature, drought and lack of pasture. In arid zones and drylands, camel has been termed as the goal animal in 21st century. Daily milk yield of camel varies from 3.5 litres (under desert conditions) to 40 litres (under intensive manage...

the effect of different levels of osmolality and ph of lactose extender on the viability of bactrian camelspermatozoa was investigated. semen was collected from 10 bactrian camel bulls using modified bovineartificial vagina. in experiment i, the extenders consisted of 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13% lactose with respectiveosmolalities of 290, 333, 350, 376 and 419 mosm/kg and the ph of 6.9. in experiment...

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) remains the most important animal disease. The FMD virus is highly contagious and occurs almost exclusively among cloven-hoofed animals such as cattle, sheep, goats, Bactrian camels and swine. Old World camels (OWCs) and New World camels (NWCs) inhabit FMD-endemic countries in South America, North and East Africa, and the Middle and Far East. Results of experimental...

Very little is known about LHR and FSHR genes of domestic dromedary camels. The main objective of this study was to determine and analyze partial genomic regions of FSHR and LHR genes in dromedary camels for the first time. To this end, a total of50 DNA samples belonging to dromedary camels raised in Iran were sent for sequencing (25 samples of each gene). We compared the nucleotide sequences o...

Iranian bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) is an endangered livestock breed with distribution in northwest of Iran. Microsatellites are a powerful marker for animal genetic and cell line identification and population genetic study. In this study, after producing more than 40 Camelus bactrianus fibroblast cell lines, microsatellites loci from the genome of Iranian Camelus bactrianus cell lines ...

An 18-year old intact female Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) was suffering from lameness due to a mass on the right dorsal metacarpal region that caused acute swelling and local skin necrosis. Histology examination and immunohistochemistry of the biopsy material of a mass revealed haemangiosarcoma of the extensor tendons. Three weeks after the biopsy, the tumour was enlarged to 6 cm in diam...