A hard disk has, in recent years, become an essential component for a personal computer as well as a work station. A hard disk stores a variety of files, which are daily updated. The files in a hard disk are, however, lost because ofhuman errors and afailure of the hard disk. This is called a hard disk failure. In order to protect usfrom such a serions loss, it is important to make a backup cop...

With the widespread use of real-time applications (VoIP, IPTV, Video conference, etc.) in Internet, protection and resource optimization become increasingly desired. Network protection aims to decrease the interruption time of communications by precomputing backup paths capable to receive and route traffics of affected primary paths upon failures. Resource optimization is achieved by improving ...

the hierarchical hub location problem is encountered three-level network that is applied in production-distribution system, education system, emergency medical services, telecommunication network, etc. this paper addresses the hierarchical hub covering problem with single assignment accounting for mandatory dispersion of central hubs restriction as a special case. this formulation with incorpor...

OBJECTIVES Electronic medical records (EMRs) are increasingly being used by health care services. Currently, if an EMR shutdown occurs, even for a moment, patient safety and care can be seriously impacted. Our goal was to determine the methodology needed to develop an effective and reliable EMR backup system. METHODS Our "independent backup system by medical organizations" paradigm implies th...

In a primary-backup system, transaction processing takes place at the primary and the log records generated are propagated to the backup which uses them to reconstruct a recent state of the database. If the primary fails, the backup takes over transaction processing without causing users to observe a breach in service. Existing approaches can be broadly classiied as 2-safe or 1-safe based on wh...

We present an innovative backup and restore solution, called LifeBoat, for Windows machines. Our solution provides for local and remote backups and ‘‘bare metal’’ restores. Classic backup systems do a file system backup and require the machine to be installed before the system can be restored or they do a block for block backup of the system image which allows for a ‘‘bare metal’’ restore, but ...

lost through user error, software or media failure, or site disaster but are unwilling to devote system resources or downtime to make backup copies of the data. Furthermore, with the rapid growth in the use of data storage and the tendency to move systems toward complete utilization (i.e., 24-hour by 7-day operation), the practice of taking the system off line to back up data is no longer feasi...

NRG performed a research project on the influence on safety of diverse backup systems next to the existing digital I&C safety systems in Nuclear Power Plants (NPPs). As part of this research project a probabilistic approach has been used to evaluate the basic options to connect a diverse backup system logically to the existing digital I&C systems. One can distinguish four different basic design...

The intermittency of renewable energy sources, e.g. wind or solar, as well as forecast uncertainties in load, price and renewable infeed profiles call for storage solutions and appropriate control strategies. For the investigations in this paper the energy hub modeling framework is used, which takes into account multiple energy carriers, distributed generation, energy storage systems and renewa...

iPhone logical backup files can provide forensic examiners with almost the entire contents of its host phone up until the point that the backup took place. This paper serves to provide an overview of the information attainable via the analysis of an iPhone backup, making references to the applicability of such analysis in the digital forensics field. The paper introduces the backup directories ...