background and objectives: novel probiotics and prebiotics designed to modulate the gut microbiota for improving health outcomes are in demand as the importance of the gut microbiota in human health is revealed. a review of the scientific literature regarding the current knowledge and novel species and novel oligosaccharides for the treatment of dysbiosis-associated diseases has been carried ou...

8 Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe disease of the gastrointestinal tract of pre-term 9 babies and is thought to be related to the physiological immaturity of the intestine and altered levels of 10 normal flora in the gut. Understanding the factors that contribute to the pathology of NEC may lead to 11 the development of treatment strategies aimed at re-establishing the in...

BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that migraine headache is often associated with concomitant gastrointestinal diseases. There is a higher prevalence of headaches in patients with gastrointestinal disorders. These associations between migraine and gastrointestinal disorders suggest a potential link to a bidirectional modulation of gut microbiota and brain function. The underlying working mec...

A review regarding the relationships between probiotics and the health is presented. After a brief historical introduction, the main mechanisms and beneficial effects of probiotics, the immune system, probiotics like microorganisms and beneficial effects of probiotics on health are presented. Clinical studies with probiotics are discussed in detail. Many experimental studies have found that pro...

BACKGROUND Probiotics are live microorganisms consisting of non-pathogenic yeast and bacteria that are believed to restore the microbial balance of the gastrointestinal tract altered by infection with Clostridium difficile (C. difficile). OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy of probiotics in the treatment of antibiotic associated C. difficile colitis. SEARCH STRATEGY The databases MEDLINE, EMB...

BACKGROUND Zonulin is a newly discovered protein that has an important role in the regulation of intestinal permeability. Our previous study showed that probiotics can decrease the rate of infectious complications in patients undergoing colectomy for colorectal cancer. OBJECTIVE The objective was to determine the effects of the perioperative administration of probiotics on serum zonulin conce...

BACKGROUND Functional constipation is a prevalent, burdensome gastrointestinal disorder whose treatment remains challenging. Probiotics have been increasingly investigated in its management. OBJECTIVE The aim was to investigate the effect of probiotics on gut transit time, stool output, and constipation symptoms in adults with functional constipation via a systematic review and meta-analysis ...

BACKGROUND The role of probiotics in trauma patients remains unclear. We undertook a meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effects of probiotics on the clinical outcomes of trauma patients. METHODS A systematic electronic literature search was conducted to identify RCTs comparing the use of probiotics with a control in trauma patients. Results were expre...

Background: Probiotic formulations can be single- or multi-strain. Commercially, multi-strain preparations have been suggested to have improved functionality over single-strain cultures. Probiotics are often tested as single-strain preparations but may subsequently be commercially formulated as multi-strain products. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine what happens at the site of ...

Background. We performed this meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy of probiotics on prevention of infection-related complications following colorectal resection. Method. PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science were searched up to January 2016. According to the results, only randomized controlled trials that compared the efficacy of probiotics on patients with colorectal re...