Livestock waste composts with minimum inorganic fertilizer as a soil amendment in low-input intensive farming are a feasible agricultural practice to improve soil fertility and productivity and to mitigate soil degradation. The key benefits of the practice rely on the activities of soil microorganisms. However, the role of different livestock composts [composted cattle manure (CCM) vs. composte...

Chemical fungicides viz. propiconazole, thiram, bayleton, copper-oxy-chloride, benomyl and mancozeb in three different concentrations were screened for their fungicidal efficacy against P. pinnata seed mycoflora viz., Penicillium sp., A. oryzae, A. ustus, A. sydowii, A. fumigatus, A. flavus, A. niger, Rhizopus sp., Fusarium sp., C. gloeosporioides and Absidia sp. in in-vitro conditions by poiso...

Protease inhibitors can be versatile tools mainly in the fields of medicine, agriculture and food preservative applications. Fungi have been recognized as sources of protease inhibitors, although there are only few such reports on mushrooms. This work reports the purification and characterization of a trypsin inhibitor from the fruiting body of edible mushroom Pleurotus floridanus (PfTI) and it...

Eight strains of highly amylolytic, sporeforming bacilli (hereafter referred to as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) were compared with respect to their taxonomic relationship to B. subtilis. The physiological-biochemical properties of these two groups of organisms showed that B. amyloliquefaciens differed from B. subtilis by their ability to grow in 10% NaCl, characteristic growth on potato plugs, i...

Here, we report the draft genome sequence of an ionic liquid-tolerant bacterium, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CMW1, which is newly isolated from a Japanese fermented soybean paste. The genome sequence will allow for a characterization of the molecular mechanism of its ionic liquid tolerance.

A series of studies on the small protein barnase in the 1990s established it as a paradigm for protein folding in which there is a kinetically important intermediate. But, a recent study in PNAS claims that there are no stable intermediates on the folding pathway. I summarize the evidence that proves that the folding kinetics of barnase is inconsistent with the absence of a folding intermediate...

Eight endophytic isolates assigned to Pseudomonas, Azospirillum, and Bacillus genera according to pheno-genotypic features were retrieved from barley seeds under selective pressure for nitrogen-fixers. Genetic relationships among related isolates were investigated through RAPD. Six isolates displayed nitrogen-fixing ability, while all could biosynthesize indolacetic acid in vitro and showed no ...

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain 629 is an endophyte isolated from Theobroma cacao L. Here, we report the draft genome sequence (3.9 Mb) of B. amyloliquefaciens strain 629 containing 16 contigs (3,903,367 bp), 3,912 coding sequences, and an average 46.5% G+C content.

UNLABELLED Lantibiotics are small peptide antibiotics that contain the characteristic thioether amino acids lanthionine and methyllanthionine. As ribosomally synthesized peptides, lantibiotics possess biosynthetic gene clusters which contain the structural gene (lanA) as well as the other genes which are involved in lantibiotic modification (lanM, lanB, lanC, lanP), regulation (lanR, lanK), exp...

We report the 1.7 A resolution structure of RNase Sa complexed with the polypeptide inhibitor barstar. The crystals are in the hexagonal space group P65 with unit-cell dimensions a = b = 56.9, c = 135.8 A and the asymmetric unit contains one molecule of the complex. RNase Sa is an extracellular microbial ribonuclease produced by Streptomyces aureofaciens. Barstar is the natural inhibitor of bar...