It has been documented that CD40 is essential for B cell function. Casitas-B-lineage lymphoma protein-b (Cbl-b), an adapter protein and ubiquitin ligase, has been shown to regulate the activation of T and B cells through their Ag receptors. In this study, we report that CD40-induced B cell proliferation is significantly augmented in mice lacking Cbl-b. Furthermore, Cbl-b(-/-) mice display enhan...

We have studied functional alteration of immunocytes in mice following inoculation of Toxocara canis second stage larvae. Results indicated depression of lymphocyte blastogenesis in response to concanavalin-A, phytohemagglutinin and allogeneic non B-cells; however, B-cell polyclonal activation was not affected as indicated by the production of total IgG. In contrast, frequency of antibody ...

background the hepatitis b virus x (hbx) protein has long been recognized as an important transcriptional transactivator of several genes. human aldo-keto reductase family 1, member c1 (akr1c1), a member of the family of akr1cs, is significantly increased in hbx-expressed cells. objectives this study aimed to investigate the possible mechanism of hbx in regulating akr1c1 expression in hepg2.2.1...

background: hemophilia b is an x-linked hereditary disorder of blood coagulation system which is caused by factor ix (fix) deficiency. factor ix is a plasma glycoprotein that participates in the coagulation process leading to the generation of fibrin. replacement of factor ix with plasma-derived or recombinant factor ix is the conventional treatment for hemophilia b to raise the factor ix level...

Growth factor-dependent kinases, such as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) and Raf kinases, have been implicated in the suppression of apoptosis. We have recently established Rat-1 fibroblast cell lines overexpressing B-Raf, leading to activation of the MEK/Erk mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. Overexpression of B-Raf confers resistance to apoptosis induced by growth factor wi...