Avian influenza is an important disease of poultry with the potential to cause major epidemics resulting in significant economic losses. The presence of avian influenza viruses (AIV) in chickens in Iran has not been previously reported. An avian influenza outbreak in broiler, layer and breeder farms occurred during a very hot summer in July 1998. Three AIV isolates designated as 101, 102 and 10...

background: the present study was carried out to detect the infection of larval stages of trichobilharzia species in the snail lymnaea auricularia in northwestern iran based on dna analysis. methods: a total number of 320 snails of l. auricularia were sampled from four water-bodies located in the suburb of urmia city, north west iran, during may to november 2011. the snails were first microscop...

the pb2 protein of influenza a viruses has been shown as host range determinant. in this study pb2gene of five h9n2 isolates from tehran province during the period of 1998-2001 were partially amplifiedand sequenced to do phylogenetic study. iranian isolates could be classified in eurasian lineage according totheir pb2 gene sequences. the pb2 genes of these isolates are different from those of m...

widespread occurrence of h9n2 low pathogenic avian influenza (lpai) viruses in many asian countriesduring the past decade has resulted in the need for evaluation of the pathogenesis of h9n2 virus infection. in this study, tissue tropism and dissemination of a/chicken/iran/772/1998(h9n2) virus throughout the body of broiler chickens were investigated. the clinical signs, gross lesions and antibo...

background:avian reoviruses (arvs) are members of theorthoreovirus genus; one of the 12 genera of the reoviridaefamily. the arvs are the cause of some important diseases inpoultry such as reovirus-induced arthritis, tenosynovitis,chronic respiratory disease, and mal-absorption syndrome.objectives: in this study, the presence of arvs in the iranianbreeder flocks was investigated through reverse ...

background: the h9n2 subtype of avian influenzaviruses (aivs) has been isolated in multiple avian species inmany european, asian, african and american countries. sincethe first outbreak of h9n2 virus in iran in 1998, this virus haswidely circulated throughout the country, resulting in majoreconomic losses in chicken flocks. several amino acids in thevirus ribonucleoprotein (rnp) complex includi...

Avian hepatitis E virus (avian HEV), recently identified from a chicken with hepatitis-splenomegaly syndrome in the United States, is genetically and antigenically related to human and swine HEVs. In this study, sequencing of the genome was completed and an attempt was made to infect rhesus monkeys with avian HEV. The full-length genome of avian HEV, excluding the poly(A) tail, is 6654 bp in le...

this study was conducted to molecularly detect avian adenoviruses in broiler flocks showing liver lesions and respiratory syndrome in northeast iran. in total, 60 tissue samples were collected from broiler farms with liver lesions, respiratory syndrome and also from clinically healthy flocks. six samples were positive; however, three samples were selected for molecular studies. pcr products wer...

Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus A/H5N1 has been reported in 11 African countries. Migratory waterbirds have the potential of introducing A/H5N1 into east Africa through the Rift Valley of Kenya. We present the results of a wild bird surveillance system for A/H5N1 and other avian influenza viruses based on avian fecal sampling in Kenya. We collected 2630 fecal samples in 2008. Viral RNA ...

Avian influenza viruses replicate in a variety of mammals and birds, yet hemagglutination inhibition tests show that postinfection sera from these animals (e.g., ferrets and ducks) have insignificant levels of antibodies (Hinshaw et al., Infect. Immun. 34:354-361, 1981). This suggested that avian influenza viruses, in contrast to mammalian viruses, may not induce a significant humoral response....