BACKGROUND Geographical inequalities in suicide have risen dramatically across 47 prefectures in Japan since 1995. We sought to examine temporal changes in the associations between prefecture-level economic conditions and completed suicide during the recent 35 years, controlling for individual composition in each prefecture. METHODS Based on quinquennial vital statistics and census data from ...

The Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives released a study in early January highlighting the growing income disparities between the richest and poorest Canadians. Income tax files from 2007 show that the average income of the top 1% of income earners was over $400,000 compared to about $44,000 for the average Canadian, almost a tenfold difference. Those who laboured at the minimum wage earned...

BACKGROUND In many OECD countries, the gender differences in physicians' pay favour male doctors. Due to the feminisation of the doctor profession, it is essential to measure this income gap in the French context of Fee-for-service payment (FFS) and then to precisely identify its determinants. The objective of this study is to measure and analyse the 2008 income gap between males and females ge...

Background: Capitation payment is the best-known strategy for paying providers in primary health care. Since health care needs and personal characteristics play an essential role in health care utilization and resource spending, there is a growing tendency on risk adjustment models among health researchers.  The objective of this systematic review was to examine the weights used for risk adjust...

I show that the income-share-weighted average of individual cost-of-living indexes can diverge sharply from the equally-weighted ‘ordinary’ average when quality improvements are embodied in discrete goods. It is possible for the income-share-weighted mean to decline while the ordinary mean rises.  2000 Published by Elsevier Science S.A.

OBJECTIVE We examined organised colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programme and non-programme faecal occult blood test (FOBT) use from 2008 to 2012 for individuals living in Winnipeg, Manitoba, by area-level income. SETTING Winnipeg, Manitoba, a region with universal healthcare and an organised CRC screening programme. PARTICIPANTS Individuals who had a non-programme FOBT were identified fr...

Whether relative income or absolute income could affect subjective well-being has been a bone of contention for years. Life satisfaction and the relative frequency of positive and negative emotions are parts of subjective well-being. According to the prospect theory, hedonic adaptation helps to explain why positive emotion is often so hard to be maintained, and negative emotion wouldn't be easy...

BACKGROUND The adverse relationship between income and health is well documented, but less is known of how income trajectories, i.e. downward or upward trends in income, determine health. We therefore link longitudinal income information to cross-sectional data on self-rated health and conduct logistic regression models in order to investigate income trends over time and their relationship with...