One of the most widely available procedures packaged with CIS for the analysis of a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) is the identification of the viewable area, or the viewshed. The elevations recorded in the DEM do, however, contain error, and the USGS, for example, publishes a Root Mean Squared Error (RMSE) for each DEM. Research reported here assesses the uncertainty of locations being within a...

In this paper, we assume the error distribution of one-way ANOVA as alpha-skew normal distribution. Alpha-skew gives us exibility for modelling data which has heavy tailness, skewness, bimodality and also symmetricity. We obtain maximum likelihood estimator model parameters test statistics based on these estimators. Monte Carlo simulation study states that estimators interest are more efficient...

We have proposed a three-parameter renewal approximation to analyze splitting and superposition of autocorrelated processes. We define the index of dispersion for counts of an ordinary process used in a new and more accurate technique to estimate the third parameter. Then, we express this newly defined index of dispersion for the superposition in terms of the ordinary as well as the stationary ...

AIMS To examine the relationship between alcohol outlet density and violent crime controlling for neighbourhood sociostructural characteristics and the effects of spatially autocorrelated error. DESIGN The sample for this ecologic study comprised 188 census tracts from the City of Austin, Texas and 263 tracts from the City of San Antonio, Texas. Data pertaining to neighbourhood social structu...

independence of observations is a fundamental assumption in designing an x chart for individual observations. but unfortunately, the assumption of existence of independent data is not even approximately satisfied. in fact, there is one kind of autocorrelation in the data. this paper demonstrates, through simulating an ar(1) process, that the autocorrelation in the data has deep effect on x char...

We tested the hypothesis that temporally autocorrelated variation should increase the abundance of an inferior competitor sustained by immigration. Temporally autocorrelated variability can increase abundance of the inferior species through effects on demography, the strength of competition, and the mean and variance in the abundance of competing species. We allowed the competitive inferior to ...