Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental commencing before the age of 12 years and characterized by developmentally inappropriate inattention, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity symptoms. Stimulants such as methylphenidate (MPH) are used first-line therapy for children with ADHD. Psychostimulants may be associated vascular problems. Raynaud’s phenomenon (RP) periph...

background: children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder/developmental coordination disorder (adhd/dcd) suffer from problems associated with gross and fine motor skills. there is no effective pharmacological therapy for such patients. we aimed to assess the impact of methylphenidate (mph) on motor performance of children with adhd/dcd. methods: in this double-blind placebo-controlled,...

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder is not a single pathophysiological entity and appears to have a complex etiology. There are multiple genetic and environmental risk factors with small individual effect that act in concert to create a spectrum of neurobiological liability. Structural imaging studies show that brains of children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder are significan...

Histamine intolerance occurs when there is an imbalance between histamine production and the capacity for degradation. Diamine oxidase (DAO) main enzyme catabolism of ingested degradation in gastrointestinal tract its deficiency has been linked to allergy-like symptoms. Psychostimulant drugs are commonly used treat Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but their interaction with DAO ...

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurobehavioral developmental disorder found in 3% to 8% of children and adolescents. An important part of ADHD management is psychopharmacology, which includes stimulants, norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, alpha-2 agonists, and antidepressants. Medications with the best evidence-based support for ADHD management are the stimulants methylph...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of methylphenidate on the diagnosis of oppositional-defiant disorder (ODD) comorbid with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHOD We conducted an open-label study in which 10 children and adolescents with a dual diagnosis of ODD and ADHD were assessed for their ODD symptoms and treated with methylphenidate. At least one month after ADHD symptoms w...

BACKGROUND There are no objective, biological markers that can robustly predict methylphenidate response in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. This study aimed to examine whether applying machine learning approaches to pretreatment demographic, clinical questionnaire, environmental, neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and genetic information can predict therapeutic response following methy...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess baseline EEG brain wave activity in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and to examine the effects of evoked attention and methylphenidate on this activity. METHOD Children with ADHD (n = 19) were tested while they were stimulant free and during a period in which they were on stimulant (methylphenidate) medication. Contro...

Study queStion Is methylphenidate beneficial or harmful for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adolescents? MethodS Electronic databases were searched up to February 2015 for parallel and crossover randomised clinical trials comparing methylphenidate with placebo or no intervention in children and adolescents with ADHD. Meta-analyses and trial seque...

The persistence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) into adolescence and adulthood has now been accepted as a clinical entity. The rate of prevalence among adults is assumed to be from 2% to 4%. With increasing age, a symptom change has to be considered; disturbance of attention becomes more prominent, whereas hyperactivity often diminishes or changes to inactivity. Neuroimaging ...