We have developed a compact, low cost, modular, crossed molecular beam machine. The new apparatus utilizes several technological advancements in molecular beams valves, ion detection, and vacuum pumping to reduce the size, cost, and complexity of a molecular beam apparatus. We apply these simplifications to construct a linear molecular beam machine as well as a crossed-atomic and molecular beam...

objective: in this study, we aimed to validate the accuracy of computed tomography-based attenuation correction (ctac) using the bilinear scaling method.methods: the measured attenuation coefficient (μm) was compared to a theoretical attenuation coefficient (μt ) using four different ct scanners and an rmi 467 phantom. the effective energy of the ct beam x-rays was calculated, using the aluminu...

A basic set of equations describing the interaction of a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) with a laser field is derived based on a semiclassical model and applied to the problem of mutual guiding of laser and BEC atomic beams. Within this framework we have studied stationary spatially localized solutions of the nonlinear system which describe possible laser and BEC atomic beam guiding and have sh...

We have scattered photons from an interfering path of a multiple beam Ramsey interference experiment realized with a cesium atomic beam. It is demonstrated that in multiple beam interference the decoherence from photon scattering cannot only lead to a decrease but, under certain conditions, also to an increase of the Michelson fringe contrast. In all cases, the atomic quantum state loses inform...

A polarized, internal electron target gradually polarizes a proton beam in a storage ring. Here, we derive the spin-transfer cross section for e (p, p)e scattering. A recent measurement of the polarizing effect of a polarized atomic hydrogen target is explained when the effect of the atomic electrons is included. We also consider the interaction of a stored beam with a pure electron target whic...

We present our experimental demonstration of controlling the cavity output intensity of one laser beam with the intensity of another laser beam in a composite system consisting of a collection of three-level ?-type rubidium atoms and an optical ring cavity. When the intensity of the controlling beam is modulated with a square waveform, the cavity output power switches on and off (with a distinc...

Spatial displacements of the probe and generated four-wave mixing beams are observed in a three-level V-type, as well as a two-level atomic system near resonance. The observed spatial shift curves reflect the typical enhanced cross-Kerr nonlinear dispersion properties in the electromagnetically induced transparency EIT systems. The spatial beam displacements are controlled by the strong control...

Ionizing radiation increases the nuclear spin relaxation in the target chamber. Also known as “beam depolarization,” it is essentially a two step process. First, the beam ionizes an 3He atom which results in an free electron and an atomic ion 3He+. There is also the possibility that the atomic ion bonds with an neutral 3He atom to form an molecular ion He2 . Second, interactions with 3He ions i...