Background: The importance of vision and its impact upon an athlete’s performance has long been recognized by elite athletic communities. In recent decades, stroboscopic training methods have developed to help train athletes from a visual, perceptual, cognitive perspective using strobe glasses. Objective: Herein comprehensive literature review was conducted investigate the effectiveness glasses...

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This study aims to compare and determine a relationship between self-concept and self-esteem of female and male athletic and non-athletic students in Sari branch Islamic Azad University. For this reason, 200 students (100 athletic and 100 non-athletic) were selected randomly and tested by Eysenck’s self-esteem questionnaire and Rogers’s self-concept one. Research findings implied that there is ...

The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) uses amateurism as a narrative to control college athletes, which affects how scholars conduct research with these athletes. This article speaks issues that arise among qualitative researchers at different institutions when universities access athletes under the guise of ‘amateurism’ narrative. Drawing on Bourdieu, we provide insight into habi...

BACKGROUND Ankle sprain has been studied in athletic cohorts, but little is known of its epidemiology in the general population. A longitudinal, prospective epidemiological database was used to determine the incidence and demographic risk factors for ankle sprains presenting to emergency departments in the United States. It was our hypothesis that ankle sprain is influenced by sex, race, age, a...