Abstract: Autophagy-related (Atg) gene-encoded proteins were originally described for their crucial role in macroautophagy, a catabolic pathway for cytoplasmic constituent degradation in lysosomes. Recently it has become clear that modules of this machinery can also be used to influence endo- and exocytosis. This mini review discusses how these alternative Atg functions support virus replicatio...

Although cancer/testis antigen DDX53 confers anti-cancer drug-resistance, the effect of DDX53 on cancer stem cell-like properties and autophagy remains unknown. MDA-MB-231 (CD133+) cells showed higher expression of DDX53, SOX-2, NANOG and MDR1 than MDA-MB-231 (CD133-). DDX53 increased in vitro self-renewal activity of MCF-7 while decreasing expression of DDX53 by siRNA lowered in vitro self-ren...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the success rate and effects on survival of different anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) preparations in patients diagnosed with aplastic anemia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Of the total 24 patients included in the study, 12 were male and 12 female with a median age of 44 years (range 16-72). Nine patients received Lymphoglobulin®, 7 Thymoglobulin® and A...

Objective: Acute rejections (ARs) have a negative impact on long-term graft survival and are the major predictor of chronic rejection. Induction therapy is used to reduce AR and prevent delayed graft function (DGF). Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) and basiliximab are mainly used for this purpose. In this prospective, cohort study, we analyzed and compared the safety and efficacy of ATG and basili...

Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) provides effective therapy for many patients with aplastic anemia, and its mechanism of action has been presumed to be secondary to lymphocytotoxicity. However, our studies of lymphocyte function in aplastic anemia show marked abnormalities of lymphokine production, which ATG may modulate. In 12 of 17 patients with aplastic anemia, interleukin 2 (IL2) production wa...

Polyclonal anti-T cell antibodies or antilymphocyte serum (ALS) are xenogeneic antihuman polyclonal antibodies, more precisely antithymocyte globulins (ATG). They are prepared by immunizing rabbits or horses with human lymphoid cells derived from the thymus. They were first prepared for clinical use in horses [1] and followed by a more potent preparation in rabbits. Despite some problems of usi...

Collective pediatric data suggest that anti-T-cell induction therapy with polyclonal antibodies improves the outcome of both short- and long-term renal allograft survival. Polyclonal agents, including thymoglobulin (Thy), a rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin; Minnesota (horse) anti-lymphoblast globulin (ALG); and ATGAM, a horse anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), all suppress B and T cells. While no spe...

The early experiment result in our hospital showed that anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) inhibited the proliferation of lymphoid tumor cells in the T-cell tumors. We used the ATG as the part of the conditioning regimen and to evaluate the long-term anti-leukemia effect, the safety and complication in the patients with highly aggressive T-cell lymphomas. Twenty-three patients were enrolled into thi...

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the success rate and effects on survival of different anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) preparations in patients diagnosed with aplastic anemia. Subjects and Methods: Of the total 24 patients included in the study, 12 were male and 12 female with a median age of 44 years (range 16–72). Nine patients received Lymphoglobulin , 7 Thymoglobulin and AT...

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV-LPD) following bone marrow transplantation can be fatal. The major risk factors for the development of EBV-LPD are ex vivo T-cell depletion or in vivo T-cell depletion with either antithymocyte globulin (ATG) or monoclonal anti-T-cell antibodies. Between March 1999 and January 2001, a total of 23 transplants with ATG of equin...