there is no doubt that the way to gain access to religious rulings and doctrines is the sunna of the prophet and the imams, as only second to the holy qur’ān, which is reported in thousands of traditions in various tradition books. in the meantime, every theologian and ḥadīth researcher has to leave behind two stages for a proper understanding of traditions: in the first stage, he is to conside...

the main objective of this article is to present a comparative study of capital assets pricing models (capm) with extrapolating capital assets pricing models (x-capm) of companies admitted in tehran exchange market which is accomplished for the first time by investigators of this research in iran. accordingly, the statistical population under study of this research includes all companies admitt...

this paper is a comparative study of legal aspect of islamic securities (sukuk), between iran (as shia fiqh) malaysia (as the first country that issued sukuk based on sonni fiqh) and england (as a chief western country in sukuk). results indicate many similarities between iran and malaysia rules despite specifications with england rules. different in definition of contract, asset valuation, lim...

The main objective of this article is to present a comparative study of capital assets pricing models (CAPM) with extrapolating capital assets pricing models (X-CAPM) of companies admitted in Tehran Exchange Market which is accomplished for the first time by investigators of this research in Iran. Accordingly, the statistical population under study of this research includes all companies admitt...

according to islamic fiqh, suicide is a misdemeanor and a heavy crime that is interpreted as fighting with god, so that duress and coercion cannot be stated as an excuse. according to islamic fiqh human is considered as slave of exalted god, no one has this right to annihilate this valuable divine deposit. suicide is a capital crime and causes the man to be eternally imprisoned in the hell. sui...