Conformational alterations of bovine hemoglobin (Hb) upon sequential addition of glyoxal over a range of 0-90% v/v were investigated. At 20% v/v glyoxal, molten globule (MG) state of Hb was observed by altered tryptophan fluorescence, high ANS binding, existence of intact heme, native-like secondary structure as depicted by far-UV circular dichroism (CD) and ATR-FTIR spectra as well as loss in ...

PURPOSE To characterize the neuroprotective mechanisms of erythropoietin (EPO) against the stress of glyoxal-advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in retinal neuronal cells. METHODS Rat retinal organ culture, primary retinal neuron culture, and retinal cell line (R28 cell) culture under glyoxal-AGEs insult were used as in vitro models. Exogenous EPO was applied to these models. Retinal neuro...

Ozone unexpectedly dramatically suppresses the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) of Ru(phen)3(2+)/glyoxal at an ozone/glyoxal ratio of less than 0.5%. Moreover, a sensitive, simple and fast ECL method for ozone detection is developed, with a detection time within 1 min and a limit of detection of 20 nM.

Condensation of 5,6-diamino-4,7-phenanthroline with glyoxal provides 1,4,5,12-tetraazatriphenylene in quantitative yield. This procedure avoids the 50% loss of product inherent in previous methods. Derivatives were also prepared by using alpha-dicarbonyl compounds other than glyoxal. Additional derivatives were prepared from 1,4,5,12-tetraazatriphenylene-2,3-dicarbonitrile, produced by condensa...

[1] Recent experimental evidence indicates that heterogeneous chemical reactions play an important role in the gas-particle partitioning of organic compounds, contributing to the formation and growth of secondary organic aerosol in the atmosphere. Here we present laboratory chamber studies of the reactive uptake of simple carbonyl species (formaldehyde, octanal, trans,trans-2,4-hexadienal, glyo...

Novel Cu(II) complexes CuLCl(2) (L = 1-4) have been synthesized containing the metal bound to a well-known type of tetracyclic bisaminal formed from the condensation of glyoxal and tetraazamacrocycles (1 = cyclam-glyoxal condensate, 2 = [13]aneN4-glyoxal condensate, 3 = cyclen-glyoxal condensate, 4 = isocyclam-glyoxal condensate). The four-coordinate complexes were characterized by X-ray crysta...

Glyoxals are reactive alpha-oxoaldehydes that are formed endogenously from sugars, the levels of which are increased in various pathological conditions associated with hyperglycaemia and thiamine deficiency. However, the molecular cytotoxic mechanisms of glyoxal are not known. Results presented here and in the other studies cited provide a glimpse into the cytotoxicity mechanisms involved and t...

The glycation of proteins by glucose has been linked to the development of diabetic complications and other diseases. Early glycation is thought to involve the reaction of glucose with N-terminal and lysyl side chain amino groups to form Schiff's base and fructosamine adducts. The formation of the alpha-oxoaldehydes, glyoxal, methylglyoxal and 3-deoxyglucosone, in early glycation was investigat...

[1] Glyoxal reacts withmethylamine in drying cloud droplet/ aerosol surrogates to form high molecular mass oligomers along with smaller amounts of 1,3-dimethylimidazole and light-absorbing compounds. The patterns observed by highresolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometry indicate that oligomers form from repeated imine units. The reactions are 1st order in each reactant: rate-limiting ...