In the prosthetic field of study simulation aspect has now been the centre of research for many years. There have also been various applications of artificial limbs in case of natural limb dis-functioning patients. But both simulation and control modeling techniques are indispensible for knowing system performance and to generate an original approach of artificial organs. An overview of the app...

INTRODUCTION Modeling of the relationships between neural signals, muscle forces and movement kinematics are important aspects of human motor control and such models might be applied in medical rehabilitation. We develop a model for generation of appropriate muscle forces to maintain a desired configuration or to change the actual configuration of a limb. For this reason in the present paper cy...

The aim of this study was to compare the incidence, nature, and cause of injuries sustained in rugby union played on artificial turf and grass. The study comprised a two-season investigation of match injuries sustained by six teams competing in Hong Kong's Division 1 and training injuries sustained by two teams in the English Premiership. Injury definitions and recording procedures were complia...

Functional loss of limb control in individuals with spinal cord injury or stroke can be caused by interruption of corticospinal pathways, although the neural circuits located above and below the lesion remain functional. An artificial neural connection that bridges the lost pathway and connects cortical to spinal circuits has potential to ameliorate the functional loss. We investigated the effe...

In this article we present a biologically inspired motor control scheme based on sensory-motor interaction modalities within the Central Nervous System, and its application to the control of a single joint limb segment actuated by two pneumatic McKibben muscles. The embedded Artificial Neural Network (ANN) module's architecture, whose functioning is regulated by reinforcement learning, is simil...