This study evaluated anesthesia quality, degree of analgesia and cardiorespiratory parameters after intramuscular (IM) injection of a combination of butorphanol (0.1 mg/kg), medetomidine (10 µg/kg) and alfaxalone (1.5 mg/kg) in ten healthy adult Beagle dogs. Rectal temperature (T), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (fR), arterial pressure, arterial blood gases and M-mode echocardiographic left ...

Intravenous injection of the oral formulation of Temazepam is a common form of drug abuse. At the request of the Home Office, manufacturers have developed solid dose forms to replace the liquid filled capsules, but a number of cases of accidental intra-arterial injection of the new formulation have been reported, with varying management strategies advocated. A case is presented where prompt agg...

Sexual impotent is very common entity and define as inability to induce or maintaining penile erection during sexual intercourse. Studies reveals about 10% of men aged 40-70 years have complete, 17% have mild and 25% have moderate amount of erectile dysfunction. The sexual impotence has different etiology including psychogenic, neurogenic, arteriogenic and venogenic causes. Current studies reve...

Background Opioid-induced respiratory compromise remains a significant challenge in etorphine-immobilised wildlife. Serotonergic agonists offer potential avenue for preventing or treating opioid-induced compromise. We therefore aimed to determine whether the selective 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 4 (5-HT4) agonist, BIMU-8, reverses goats. Methods Seven healthy adult goats were immobilised with ...

A decrease in arterial oxygen saturation (Sao2) has been observed to follow intravenous aminophylline administration in patients with chronic pulmonary disease (Halmagyi and Cotes, 1959). The decrease in Sao2 occurred 40 minutes or more after the injection in a group of patients who had shown an increase in maximum breathing capacity (M.B.C.) in response to the drug. The onset of symptomatic re...

propofol is a widely used anesthetic drug because of its minor complication and also its fast effect. one of most popular complication in using this drug is pain during injection that is more sever in new generation of its components (lipid-free microemulsion). other complications of propofol are bradycardia and hypotension. this study compares 3 drugs with placebo in control of these complicat...

Accidental intra-arterial injection of intramuscular antibiotic preparations is described in 3 cases in infants. In 2 benzathine penicillin was injected, and in 1 rolitetracycline. The clinical features are dominated by arteriolar obstruction which produces gangrene of the most severely affected limb. In addition, neuroloigcal involvement occurs when vessels to nerves or spinal cord are involve...