The role of nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of O2 consumption was studied in chronically instrumented conscious dogs. A specific NO synthesis inhibitor, nitro-L-arginine (NLA, 30 mg/kg i.v.), significantly increased mean arterial pressure from 100 +/- 4 to 134 +/- 5 mm Hg (mean +/- SEM) and total peripheral resistance by 157 +/- 16% and reduced cardiac output by 47 +/- 3% and heart rate by ...

The aim of the study was to investigate hypoxaemia in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients during a commercial flight. The effect of a commercial flight, lasting 5 h 40 min, on arterial blood gas levels and symptoms in 18 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with a pre-flight percutaneous oxygen saturation of 94% and self-reported ability to walk 50 m without severe dyspnoea...

Manohar, Murli, and Thomas E. Goetz. Intrapulmonary arteriovenous shunts of 15 m in diameter probably do not contribute to arterial hypoxemia in maximally exercising Thoroughbred horses. J Appl Physiol 99: 224–229, 2005. First published March 17, 2005; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01230.2004.—The present study examined whether Thoroughbred horses performing strenuous exercise exhibit intrapulmonary...

Hypoplastic left heart syndrome is the most common lethal cardiac malformation of the newborn. Its treatment, apart from heart transplantation, is the Norwood operation. The initial procedure for this staged repair consists of reconstructing a circulation where a single outlet from the heart provides systemic perfusion and an interpositioning shunt contributes blood flow to the lungs. To better...

The present study examined whether Thoroughbred horses performing strenuous exercise exhibit intrapulmonary arteriovenous shunting that may contribute to the observed arterial hypoxemia. Experiments were carried out on seven healthy, exercise-trained Thoroughbreds at rest, maximal exercise (galloping at 14 m/s on a 3.5% uphill grade for 120 s), and submaximal exertion (8 m/s on a 3.5% uphill gr...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate gasometric differences of severe trauma patients requiring intubation in prehospital care. METHODS Patients requiring airway management were submitted to collection of arterial blood samples at the beginning of pre-hospital care and at arrival at the Emergency Room. We analyzed: Glasgow Coma Scale, respiratory rate, arterial pH, arterial partial pressure of CO2 (PaCO2), ...

The objective of this study was to examine the repeatability of blood gas (BG) parameters and their derived variables such as the central venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide tension difference (▵PCO2) and the ratio of ▵PCO2 over the central arteriovenous oxygen content difference (▵PCO2/C(a-cv)O2) and to determine the smallest detectable changes in individual patients.A total of 192 patients with...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE After cerebral vessel blockage, local blood flow and O2 consumption becomes lower and oxygen extraction increases. With reperfusion, blood flow is partially restored. We examined the effects of ischemia-reperfusion on the heterogeneity of local venous oxygen saturation in rats in order to determine the pattern of microregional O2 supply/consumption balance in reperfusion....

abstract background: stressors in the intensive care unit (icu) impair patients’ comfort, excite the stress response, and increase oxygen consumption in their body. non‑medical interventions are recommended by several studies as a treatment to improve comfort in the icu patients. sensory stimulation is one of the most important interventions. since arterial blood oxygen saturation is an importa...

A quantitative analysis of O2 and CO2 transport was conducted in resting and exercising rainbow trout, and these data were used to quantify the magnitude of coupling between O2 and CO2 exchange, in vivo. The release of Bohr protons during haemoglobin-oxygenation was non-linear over the Hb-O2 equilibrium curve used in trout subjected to different levels of sustained exercise. At low swimming spe...