This paper aims to investigate the impact of macroeconomic variables on economic growth after Structural Adjustment Program (SAP) in Pakistan. In doing so, study utilizes the quarterly time series data from 1990 to 2007. Advanced Autoregressive Distributed Lag model (ARDL) approach has been employed for co-integration and error correction model (ECM) for short-run results in the case of Pakista...

This paper investigates the relationship between reel macroeconomic variables and stock prices in Turkey. Consumption expenditures, industrial production index, employment level and fixed investments are used as indicators of real economic activity and consumption price index as an indicator of inflation. The ARDL bounds testing is applied to the long-run relationship between the variables. Our...

This article seeks an empirical evidence for the existence of the J-curve phenomenon both in the short-run and long-run for Turkey over the period 1980-2005. The bounds testing cointegration approach is employed to estimate the trade balance model. An augmented form of Granger causality analysis is implemented between trade balance, real effective exchange rates, foreign income and domestic inc...

This study analyzes the exchange rate pass-through into China aggregate import prices and prices of eleven industries under the HS classification. Chinese monthly data from July 2005 to July 2015 are used. Bounds test finds that all industries have co-integration relationship, with the exception of footwear and headgear products (HS12) and transport equipment (HS17). We have researched the shor...

this paper presents the application of multivariate time series model (ardl) to investigate factors affecting bread waste and to explore the relationships among shortrun, longrun and error correction coefficient and the independent variables over the period 1978-2006. results reveal that gross national product and urbanization have positive effects on bread waste in the long term, while the bre...

This paper contributes to the literature by empirically examining whether the influence of public debt on economic growth differs between the short and the long run and presents different patterns across euro-area countries. To this end, we use annual data from both central and peripheral countries of the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) for the 1960-2012 period and estimate a growth ...

Data on carbon emissions, industrial output growth, population growth and FDI inflows are used for Bangladesh, Nepal and Maldives over 1972 – 2008. Time series data on all variables are nonstationary in terms of both ADF and KPSS tests with different orders of integration. As a result, ARDL model and VECM are estimated. There are evidences of cointegrating relationship among the variables, long...