The Caspian trout is an endangered and quite vulnerable fish, considered for a natural protection program in the southern area of the Caspian Sea. Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) are toxic substances, which induce oxidative stress, not to mention other pathophysiological states. The toxicity of nanoparticles on fish needs more characterization for short- and long-term effects.  Thus, the p...

Nanotechnology, which deals with features as small as a 1 billionth of a meter, began to enter into mainstream physical sciences and engineering some 20 years ago. Recent applications of nanoscience include the use of nanoscale materials in electronics, catalysis, and biomedical research. Among these applications, strong interest has been shown to biological processes such as blood coagulation ...

news & views a n emerging 'rule of thumb' suggests that nanoparticles less than 100 nm in diameter can enter cells, those with diameters below 40 nm can enter the cell nucleus and those that are smaller than 35 nm can pass through the blood–brain barrier and enter the brain. Understanding the way nanoparticles interact with living matter will open up fundamentally new opportunities in medicine ...

Nanoinformatics is an emerging research field that uses informatics techniques to collect, process, store, and retrieve data, information, and knowledge on nanoparticles, nanomaterials, and nanodevices and their potential applications in health care. In this paper, we have focused on the solutions that nanoinformatics can provide to facilitate nanotoxicology research. For this, we have taken a ...

Nanotoxicology refers to the study of the interactions of nanostructures with biological systems with an emphasis on elucidating the relationship between the physical and chemical properties of nanostructures with induction of toxic biological responses. Nanotoxicology is aimed at providing information on the potential toxicological effects, risk assessment and safety evaluation of nanostructur...

A contemporary and expanding area of toxicology research is nanotoxicology. It focuses on evaluating the toxicological characteristics nanoparticles (NPs) in order to determine whether how much a risk they pose society or environment. Fundamental (consisting shape, size, surface charge, area, solubility/dissolution, coating, crystal structure), addition coincidental aspects (like climate, pH, s...