OBJECTIVE We evaluated the role of angiotensin II (AII) in a marrow-derived macrophage-driven model of atherosclerosis. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight-week-old C57BL/6 wild-type mice were reconstituted with bone marrow harvested from apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/---> apoE+/+) or wild-type for apoE gene (apoE+/+--> apoE+/+) mice. At 20 weeks, mice were exposed to either AII (1000 ng/kg per min...

BACKGROUND Apolipoprotein (apo) E is best known for its ability to lower plasma cholesterol and protect against atherosclerosis. Although the liver is the major source of plasma apoE, extra-hepatic sources of apoE, including from macrophages, account for up to 10% of plasma apoE levels. This study examined the contribution of macrophage-derived apoE expression levels in diet-induced hyperlipide...

Neuronal expression of apolipoprotein (apo) E4 may contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In studying how apoE expression is regulated in neurons, we identified a splicing variant of apoE mRNA with intron-3 retention (apoE-I3). ApoE-I3 mRNA was detected in neuronal cell lines and primary neurons, but not in astrocytic cell lines or primary astrocytes, from humans and mice b...

EL-Kordy EA1*, Alanazi AD2, Ali SS3, Makhlouf MMM4 and Rabah SO5 1Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta university, EgyptShaqra University, Saudi Arabia 2Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Humanities, Shaqra University, Saudi Arabia 3Department of Anatomy, Faculty of medicine, King Abdul Aziz university, Saudi Arabia 4Department of Laboratories, Faculty of a...

OBJECTIVE Angiotensin II is a major determinant of atherosclerosis. Although macrophages are the most abundant cells in atherosclerotic plaques and express angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1), the pathophysiologic role of macrophage AT1 in atherogenesis remains uncertain. We examined the contribution of macrophage AT1 to accelerated atherosclerosis in an angiotensin II-responsive setting induc...

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) in high density lipoprotein (HDL) fraction (HDL-fr) was determined by the immunofixation method and turbidimetric immunoassay (TIA) after precipitation with phosphotungstic acid/MgCl2 in normolipidemic control subjects and patients with type IV hyperlipemia and hyper HDL-cholesterolemia. Immunofixation assay revealed two major bands of apoE in whole serum: one in the alp...

apoE deficiency causes hyperlipidemia and premature atherosclerosis. To determine if macrophage-specific expression of apoE would decrease the extent of atherosclerosis, we expressed human apoE in macrophages of apoE-null mice (apoE-/-) and assessed the effect on lipid accumulation in cells of the arterial wall. Macrophage-specific expression of human apoE in normal mice was obtained by use of ...

BACKGROUND Epilepsy is associated with precocious development of Alzheimer-type neuropathological changes, including appearance of senile plaques, neuronal loss and glial activation. As inheritance of APOE ε4 allele(s) is reported to favor this outcome, we sought to investigate neuronal and glial responses that differ according to APOE genotype. With an eye toward defining ways in which APOE ε3...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a main cause of dementia, is commonly seen in aging populations with strong genetic component. AD one the most common neurodegenerative disorders; it genetically and clinically heterogeneous disease. Specific demographic factors variants have been identified non-Hispanic populations; however, limited studies observed Hispanic population. Therefore, we focused on invest...

Apolipoprotein E (apoE) is hypothesized to mediate lipoprotein clearance by binding to two receptors: (i) the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and (ii) a chylomicron remnant receptor. To test this hypothesis, we have compared plasma lipoproteins in mice that are homozygous for targeted disruptions of the genes for apoE [apoE(-/-)], the LDLR [LDLR(-/-)], and both molecules [poE(-/-); LDLR...