BACKGROUND No consensus exists as to whether antibiotic prophylaxis in tube thoracostomy as primary treatment for traumatic chest injuries reduces the incidence of surgical-site and pleural cavity infections. METHODS A systematic literature search was performed according to PRISMA guidelines to identify randomized clinical trials on antibiotic prophylaxis in tube thoracostomy for traumatic ch...

The age of antibiotic prophylaxis began shortly after World War II with the introduction of penicillin to the general population and received significant impetus from the introduction of the first American Heart Association (AHA) recommendations for the prevention of bacterial endocarditis (BE) in 1955. Since that time, considerable effort has been expended to prove its efficacy, develop the ap...

Tel: +30 2107461450 FaX: +30 210-7461495 Abstract Background: The evidence for effectiveness of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis is well established. However, despite evidence of effectiveness and the publication of guidelines for antimicrobial prophylaxis, use is often suboptimal. Aim: The aim of the present study was to explore the impact of irrational perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis...

patients and methods the study population consisted of all patients with type iiia gastilo open fractures of tibial shaft, with or without fibula fracture (caused by trauma). after wound irrigation, debridement, and wound swab sampling for microbial culture, all patients received prophylactic antibiotic regimens in fitting with their wound class. no topical antibiotics were used with a 6-month ...

to investigate and compare the infectious and non-infectious complications of single-dose versus multiple-dose antibiotic therapy for trans-rectal ultrasound (trus)-guided biopsy of the prostate. patients were enrolled in a prospective randomized study that was designed to investigate the effects of single-dose versus multiple-dose antimicrobial prophylaxis regimen mainly on asymptomatic bacter...

BACKGROUND Antibiotic prophylaxis is frequently administered in severe trauma. However, the risk of selecting resistant bacteria, a major issue especially in critical care environments, has not been sufficiently investigated. The aim of the present study was to provide guidelines for antibiotic prophylaxis for four different trauma-related clinical conditions, taking into account the risks of a...

BACKGROUND Antibiotic prophylaxis is an effective tool to reduce surgical infection rates. However, antibiotic prophylaxis in cholecystectomy is controversial when non-high risk patients are considered. This research aims to evaluate the adherence with antibiotic prophylaxis protocol in patients undergoing cholecystectomy, and its impact in the outcomes of surgical infection. METHODS This sin...

INTRODUCTION Osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) linked to bisphosphonate treatment has specific characteristics that render its therapeutic management challenging for clinicians. Poor response to standard treatment makes it essential to take special precautions when treating this type of disease; therefore, antibiotic prophylaxis and/or antibiotic therapy have been proposed as effective and helpf...

A critical consideration in effective and measured public health responses to an outbreak of inhalational anthrax is the optimum duration of antibiotic prophylaxis. We develop a competing-risks model to address the duration of antibiotic prophylaxis and the incubation period that accounts for the risks of spore germination and spore clearance. The model predicts the incubation period distributi...

BACKGROUND Bacterial infections are a major cause of illness and death in patients who are neutropenic after chemotherapy treatment for cancer. Trials have shown the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis in decreasing the incidence of bacterial infections but not in reducing mortality rates. PURPOSE To evaluate whether antibiotic prophylaxis in neutropenic patients reduces mortality and incidenc...