objective systemic lupus erythematosus (sle), an autoimmune systemic disease with unknown etiology, affects virtually every part of the body; involvement of the central nervous system (cns) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus (sle) patients and is the least understood aspect of the disease. neutropenia is very uncommon in childhood lupus. true n...

background: vp4 protein is as spikes on rotavirus outer capsid shell which is responsible for virus attachment to the host. vp4 induces production of neutralizing antibodies which could be used for serotyping of different isolates. methods: simian rotavirus sa11 gene 4 cdna was cloned into a cloning plasmid pdonrtm by recombination reaction using clonase ii enzyme mix. the resulting clone was c...

diagnosis of hepatitis b is routinely based on of serological assay of hepatitis b surface antigen (hbsag). occult hepatitis b virus (hbv) infection is generally defined as the detection of hbv -dna in the serum or tissues of subjects who have negative test for hbsag. transmission of hbv infection has been documented from hbsag negative, anti-hbc positive blood and organ donors. the aim of this...

During rinderpest virus infection in rabbits, 19S cold hemagglutinating antibody against rabbit erythrocytes and 7S anti-nuclear antibody, which reacts with the nuclei and/or the nuclear membranes in immunofluorescent staining, were demonstrated. Virus infection that affected the thymus-dependent immune functions was speculated to act as a trigger for the production of these two autoantibodies.

Objective To identify the autoantigen defined by Anti-Neuronal Nuclear Antibody-type 3 (ANNA3)-IgG and describe clinical phenotype of seropositive patients. Background ANNA3 was described in 11 patients with multifocal neurological presentations cancer; its detection is based on characteristic immunofluorescence staining mouse tissue sections; ignorance antigen's molecular identity has preclude...