An anti-lock braking system control is a rather difficult problem due to its strongly nonlinear and uncertain characteristics. To overcome these difficulties, robust control methods should be employed such as a sliding mode control. The aim of this paper is to give a short overview of sliding mode control techniques implemented in the control of ABS. The most used control algorithms are applied...

Abstract: Recently, design of electric scooters (ESs) has commonly adopted brushless DC motors (BLDCMs) in place of brushed DC motors. This invention develops a new anti-lock braking system (ABS), based on a slip-ratio estimator, for ES utilizing the braking force generated by the BLDCM when electrical energy releases to the load yielding an analogous effect of ABS control in gas-engine vehicle...

The number of new Immuno-PCR technologies and applications is steadily growing as a result of a general need for more sensitive immunoassays for early detection of diseases. Although Immuno-PCR has been demonstrated to be superior to its immunoassay counterpart, it is still regarded as a challenging technology due to various problems arising from its increased detection power, such as high back...

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This paper proposes an approach to fuzzy modeling of Anti-lock Braking Systems (ABSs). The local state-space models are derived by the linearization of the nonlinear ABS process model at ten operating points. The Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy models are obtained by the modal equivalence principle, where the local state-space models are the rule consequents. The optimization problems are defined in ...

Most online auction platform providers (OAPPs) agree that the majority of their profits comes from users, i.e., their buyers and sellers. The major concern of OAPPs is how to gain and lock in users in order to maintain and enhance a competitive edge. Customer switching is one of the primary problems of all companies, including OAPPs. This study focused on online auction sellers and attempted to...

Logic locking is a prominent solution to protect against design intellectual property theft. However, there has been decade-long cat-and-mouse game between defenses and attacks. A turning point in logic was the development of miterbased Boolean satisfiability (SAT) attack that steered research direction developing SAT-resilient schemes. These schemes, however achieved SAT resilience at cost low...