conclusions based on existing data, hiv infection surveillance, performance of standard precaution, and post exposure prophylaxis with anti-retroviral drugs outlined in this review article represent reasonable interim approaches to this complex problem. context human immunodeficiency virus (hiv) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (aids) concentrated in injecting drug users (idus) ...

The study was done to determine the anti-tuberculosis drug resistance patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in AIDS patients. Fifty antiretroviral drug naïve new AIDS patients with clinical evidence of pulmonary tuberculosis and no previous history of tuberculosis were recruited. Baseline CD4 counts and plasma viral loads (PVL) were measured by flow cytometry and RT-PCR, respectively. Sp...

Article Type: Review There are many difficulties and deficiencies in chemotherapeutic drugs especially drug resistances that appear in cancer chemotherapy. In spite of the fact that chemotherapeutic drugs are very effective, severe side effects limit the use of these drugs. People have to pay more attention to natural sources of cancer drugs to increase the anti-cancer agents present in the dru...

Skin testing with the suspected drugs may be helpful in determining the cause of a cutaneous adverse reaction (CADR). Tetrazepam (T) is a muscle relaxant of the benzodiazepine group frequently used in rheumatology in association with anti-inflammatory drugs (AIDs). We propose to determine the usefulness of patch testing in this context. Patients and methods A retrospective study was conducted i...

how to cite this article: ghofrani m. approach to the first unprovoked seizure- part ii. iran j child neurol. 2013 autumn; 7(4):1-5. abstract the approach to a child who has experienced a first unprovoked generalized tonic-clonic seizure is challenging and at the same time controversial. how to establish the diagnosis, ways and means of investigation and whether treatment is appropriate, are di...

alzheimer's disease (ad) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that accounts for 60 to 80 percent of all dementia cases. the exact cause of alzheimer`s disease is still unknown, but recent studies suggest neuro-inflammation as an important part of the pathogenesis of the disease. this brings in mind using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaid) as treatment or prevention of the dise...

The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic brought into the spotlight the need for rapid development of effective anti-viral drugs against newly emerging viruses. Researchers have leveraged the 20-year battle against AIDS into a variety of possible treatments for SARS. Most prominently, based solely on viral genome information, silencers of viral genes, viral-enzyme blockers and vira...

Very little information is available on the extent to which the private health sector is involved in clinical management of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. This study assessed the potentials and existing capacity of 15 private health facilities in Nassarawa state for clinical management of HIV/AIDS. Information was obtained from 25 staff (15 proprietors and 10 professionals) of the randomly selected healt...

HIV-1 integrase is an essential enzyme for retroviral replication and a rational target for the design of anti-AIDS drugs. A number of inhibitors have been reported in the past 8 years. This review focuses on the recent developments in the past 2 years. There are now several inhibitors with known sites of actions and antiviral activity. The challenge is to convert these leads into drugs that wi...

how to cite this article: ghofrani m. approach to the first unprovoked seizure- part i. iran j child neurol. 2013 summer; 7(3): 1- 5.   the approach to a child who has experienced a first unprovoked generalized tonic-clonic seizure is challenging and at the same time controversial. how to establish the diagnosis, ways and means of investigation and whether treatment is appropriate, are differen...